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PAP smear image analysis for cervical cancer detection

机译：宫颈癌检测的PAP涂片图像分析

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Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer worldwide. Unlike the other cancers it does not show any symptoms in its earlier stage which causes mortality among women. It takes 8 to 10 years to develop from precancerous to severe stage. The important reasons for higher cervical cancer in developing countries are lack of resources, lack of effectual screening programs and inadequately organized health system aimed for detecting precancerous condition before they progress to persistent cancer. So, there is a need of low cost approach for effective cervical cancer screening programs. Cervical cancer is a disease that can be prevented through both primary prevention and early detection. So in developed countries the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased due to screening, early detection and treatment. However in developing countries, 80% of cervical cancers are incurable at the time of detection due to their advanced stage. Several screening modalities are now available for early detection of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. When cervical cancer occurs, cells in the cervix region cannot function normally and form tumours which destroys the normal cells. It can be easily detected and preventable in its earlier stage with pap smear test. Many screening techniques are introduced for finding the abnormal cells. Pap smear test is also a screening test from which smear is taken from cervix and examined under the microscope. In automatic cervical cancer cell segmentation, a single cell image is segmented into nucleus and non nucleus region. In this paper Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering technique is proposed for single cell segmentation.
机译：宫颈癌是全世界第二次常见的妇科癌症。与其他癌症不同，它在早期的阶段没有显示出任何症状，导致女性的死亡率。从癌前阶段发展需要8到10年。发展中国家宫颈癌患者的重要原因是缺乏资源，缺乏有效的筛查计划和有组织的卫生系统，旨在在对持续性癌症进展之前检测癌前病症。因此，需要有效的宫颈癌筛查计划的成本方法。宫颈癌是一种疾病，可以通过初级预防和早期检测来预防。因此，在发达国家，由于筛选，早期检测和治疗，宫颈癌的发生率降低。然而，在发展中国家，80％的宫颈癌在检测期间是由于其高级阶段而无法进行的。现在可用于早期检测宫颈癌及其前体病变的几种筛选方式。当宫颈癌发生时，子宫颈区域中的细胞不能正常工作，并形成破坏正常细胞的肿瘤。通过PAP涂片测试，可以在其早期阶段进行易于检测和预防。引入了许多筛选技术以寻找异常细胞。 PAP涂片试验也是一种筛选试验，从中涂抹从子宫颈并在显微镜下检查。在自动宫颈癌细胞分段中，单细胞图像被分段为核和非核区域。在本文中，提出了针对单个细胞分段的模糊C-Means（FCM）聚类技术。

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