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Activated Carbon Based on Pineapple Crown for Heavy Metal Adsorption

机译：菠萝冠基活性炭吸附重金属的研究

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The objectives of this study are to investigate the influence of concentration variation of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and to remove a heavy metal in liquid waste of the activated carbon. The raw material of activated carbon was obtained from pineapple crown waste. Pineapple crowns pre-carbonized at 180°C for 1 hour. Chemical activation was carried out using KOH with concentration 2M, 3M, and 4M for 20 hours at 30°C and temperature 60°C for 2 hours. Microwave irradiation was conducted at 630 Watt of output power for 15 minutes. The physical properties of activated carbon were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to determine surface morphology of activated carbon, X-ray diffraction to calculated microstructure (i.e. interlayer spacing and microcrystalline dimension) using Bragg's and Scherer's equations, specific surface area was calculated from N_2 adsorption-desorption isotherm using BET equation, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) identify the functional groups of activated carbon, and heavy metals absorption was tested using atomic adsorption spectrophotometric. The highest surface area of activated carbon is 300,901 m~2/g for activated carbon with concentration 2M corresponding to the highest stack height (L_c) of activated carbon of 10,470 nm. The carbon chain structure shows the functional groups C-H, C≡C, O-H, C-OH, and CH_2 at wavenumbers of 2889,49 cm~(-1), 2360,97 cm~(-1), 2339,97 cm~(-1), and 998,21 cm~(-1), respectively.
机译：本研究的目的是研究氢氧化钾（KOH）浓度变化的影响，并去除活性炭废液中的重金属。以菠萝树冠废料为原料制备活性炭。菠萝冠在180°C下预炭化1小时。使用浓度为2M、3M和4M的KOH在30°C和60°C温度下进行20小时的化学活化，持续2小时。微波辐射在630瓦的输出功率下进行15分钟。用扫描电子显微镜确定活性炭的表面形态，用X射线衍射法计算微观结构（即层间距和微晶尺寸），用Bragg和Scherer方程表征活性炭的物理性质，用BET方程计算N_2吸附-解吸等温线的比表面积，傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对活性炭的官能团进行了识别，并用原子吸收分光光度法测定了活性炭对重金属的吸附。对于浓度为2M的活性炭，活性炭的最高表面积为300901 m~2/g，对应于10470 nm的活性炭最高堆积高度（L_c）。碳链结构显示官能团C-H，C≡C、 在波长分别为2889,49 cm-1、2360,97 cm-1、2339,97 cm-1和998,21 cm-1的情况下，O-H、C-OH和CH_2的浓度。

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