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What does it take to make the semiconductor laser a high coherence laser international semiconductor laser conference

机译：使半导体激光成为高相干激光国际半导体激光会议所需的是什么

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The Semiconductor laser (SCL) is, arguably, the most important player in the optoelectronic field. It is hard to imagine a modern communications measurement, or a sensing system without it. It owes this distinction principally to its monolithic semiconductor character, which is responsible for a long list of crucial attributes. These include small size, efficiency, natural compatibility with electronic driving circuitry, speed, structural and chemical control of key features. Another feature of the SCL, which is mentioned less often is its intellectual elegance. Its theoretical underpinnings, design and fabrication require an intricate interweaving of solid state physics, quantum field theory, semiconductor device theory, material science, and laser theory. The chemical and fabrication control enables us to vary the active medium from that of a bulk semiconductor to that of atom-like quantum dots. The incorporation of spatial modulation, of the structure, modulated gratings, photonic crystals, for example, enables a spatial control that would be analogous, to the ability to design crystals with varying size of atoms and of periodicities. The noise, and the resulting degraded coherence, of the semiconductor laser is an example of the Dissipation-Fluctuation theorem. Which links losses with noise. This is manifested in the SCL by following chain of causally related events: high optical losses (dissipation) → large compensatory gain provided by the inverted population of electrons and holes → high rate of spontaneous recombination emission into the laser mode → low coherence. This chain can, however, be snapped by taking advantage of the new flexibility afforded us by the Si photonic platform. This is achieved by redesigning the laser mode so that the overwhelming majority (~ 99%) of optical energy is moved away from the lossy III-V material into the, essentially lossless, Si. The residual, about 1% in our case, of the optical energy remaining in the III-V is just sufficient to provide the now reduced, threshold gain. Applying these ideas results in new lasers in which the fundamental quantum noise is some three orders of magnitude below that of high-performance commercial Distributed Feedback SCLS. Some thoughts of future directions for improved coherence in SCLs will conclude the talk.
机译：半导体激光器（SCL）可以说是光电场中最重要的玩家。很难想象现代通信测量，或没有它的传感系统。它主要归因于其单片半导体特征，这负责长期关键的属性。这些包括小尺寸，效率，与电子驱动电路，速度，结构和化学控制的关键特征的尺寸。 SCL的另一个特征，较少往往是其智力优雅。其理论上的内限，设计和制造需要复杂的固态物理学，量子场理论，半导体器件理论，材料科学和激光理论的复杂交织。化学和制造控制使我们能够将活性介质与原子样量子点的散装半导体的活性介质改变。例如，掺入空间调制，例如，调制光栅，光子晶体，使空间控制能够类似地，以设计具有不同尺寸的原子和周期性的晶体的能力。半导体激光器的噪声和所得到的降级的相干性是耗散 - 波动定理的示例。哪些链接噪音损失。这在SCL中表现在SCL中，遵循因果关系相关的事件：高光学损耗（耗散）→由电子和孔的倒置群提供的大的补偿增益→激光模式中的自发复合发射的高速率→低相干。但是，这种链可以通过利用SI光子平台提供了新的灵活性来捕获。这是通过重新设计激光模式来实现的，使得绝大多数（〜99％）的光学能量被远离有损的III-V材料移动到基本无损，Si中。在III-V中剩余的剩余光能的残余，约1％仅足以提供现在减小的阈值增益。应用这些想法导致新激光器，其中基本量子噪声是低于高性能商业分布式反馈SCL的大约三个数量级。对SCL的改善一致性的未来方向的一些思考将结束谈话。

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