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首页> 外文会议>Joint annual meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science and the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology >Change in Fine Particle-Related Premature Deaths among Vulnerable and Susceptible Population Subgroups in the U.S. between 1980 and 2010
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Change in Fine Particle-Related Premature Deaths among Vulnerable and Susceptible Population Subgroups in the U.S. between 1980 and 2010

机译：在美国的脆弱性和易受影响人口亚组中细颗粒相关过早死亡的变化在1980年至2010年间

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As levels of air pollution such as fine particles (PM2.5) have declined over time, so has the burden to public health. A large body of literature has examined the change over time in the recent and historical public health burden of common air pollutants including PM2.5 in the United States (US). These studies have reported aggregate cases of deaths and illnesses attributed to PM2.5, but less is known about how changes in air pollution levels over time have impacted vulnerable and susceptible population subgroups. In this analysis, we draw upon the results of an air quality prediction model that estimates historical changes PM2.5 between 1980 and 2010 across all counties in the contiguous U.S. For the year 1980, we define groups of vulnerable and susceptible populations according to attributes including county-level educational attainment, income, urbanicity, and all-cause death rate. Using a health impact function, we quantify PM2.5-attributable premature deaths for 1980 and 2010 among the overall U.S. population as well as these subgroups. Then we used the Atkinson Index to explore the inequality in the absolute level and change in PM2.5 mortality among and between subgroups. Between 1980 and 2010, total PM2.5 mortality risk declined for all groups. Risk inequality, as measured by the Atkinson Index and Gini coefficient, fell across all population groups and the risk experienced among each vulnerable and susceptible group becomes more equitably distributed. These results suggest that falling ambient PM2.5 concentrations over a 30-year period yield significant benefits among populations most susceptible and vulnerable to poor air quality. Furthermore, our results imply that policy regulations such as the Clean Air Act are effective at reducing health disparities.
机译：由于空气污染的水平，如细颗粒物（PM2.5）已经下降了时间，所以有举证责任，公众健康。大量文献都审查了最近和历史常见的空气污染物，包括在美国（US）PM2.5的公共卫生负担随时间的变化。这些研究报告归因于PM2.5的死亡和疾病的汇总情况，但较少有人知道随着时间的空气污染水平的变化是如何影响的脆弱和易感人群的亚组。在这种分析中，我们借鉴横跨在美国本土所有县估计1980年和2010年之间的历史变化PM2.5对于1980年的空气质量预测模型的结果，我们根据属性，包括定义脆弱和易感人群的群体县级教育程度，收入，urbanicity，和全因死亡率。使用健康的影响作用，我们量化了1980年和2010年的总体美国人群中PM2.5-由于过早死亡以及这些子组。然后，我们使用了阿特金森指数探讨在绝对水平的不平等和PM2.5之间的死亡率和子组之间进行切换。 1980年至2010年间，总PM2.5死亡率下降为所有群体。风险的不平等，由阿特金森指数和基尼系数衡量，倒在所有人群和危险经历的每个脆弱和敏感的群体中变得更加公平的分配。这些结果表明，在30年期间环境PM2.5浓度下降的人群最容易且易受空气质量差之间产生显著的好处。此外，我们的研究结果意味着，政策法规，如清洁空气法案在减少健康差距有效。

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