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Bio-Inspired Dual-Anchor Burrowing: Effect of Vertical Curvature of the Shell

机译：生物启发双锚挖洞：壳体垂直曲率的影响

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Many organisms rely on dual-anchor strategy to burrow. A prominent biological role model is the Atlantic razor clam. By concerting the shape changing of various body parts: opening/closing of a rigid shell, extension/contraction of the muscular foot, and inflation/relief of the distal pedal, razor clams can burrow very effectively and efficiently. Using 3D discrete element method modeling, the interactions between two clam inspired dual-anchor penetrators and the surrounding granular media were captured at multiscale. A penetrator includes two major parts: a slender "shell" with time-varying diameter, and a conical "foot". Two different penetrators were considered: one with a uniform cylindrical shell and the other with a fusiform shell. The granular material consists of spherical particles with an upscaled particle size distribution of Ottawa F65. Microscale parameters are calibrated and validated with experimental triaxial test data. The impact of shell morphology is studied. It is found that opening of the shells compresses the soil around the shell to form anchorage, and at the same time releases the stress around the foot. A fusiform shell morphology is found to have limited influence on the penetration resistance and the shell anchorage during the foot penetration process. A systematic parametric study is still needed to test the hypothesis that a streamlined shell improves the burrowing performance of razor clams.
机译：许多生物依赖于双锚战略到洞穴。一个突出的生物学榜样是大西洋剃刀蛤蜊。通过协调各种身体部位的形状改变：打开/关闭刚性壳，肌肉脚的延伸/收缩，以及远端踏板的通胀/浮雕，剃刀蛤可以非常有效和有效地挖洞。使用3D离散元件方法建模，在多尺度时捕获了两个CLAM激发的双锚穿透器与周围粒度介质之间的相互作用。穿透器包括两个主要部分：具有时变直径的细长的“壳”，以及锥形“脚”。考虑了两种不同的渗透器：一个具有均匀的圆柱形壳，另一个具有梭形壳。粒状材料由球形颗粒组成，具有较高粒度分布的渥太华F65。使用实验三轴测试数据进行校准并验证微观参数。研究了壳体形态的影响。结果发现，壳体的开口压缩壳体周围的土壤以形成锚定，同时释放脚周围的应力。发现梭形壳体形态对脚穿透过程中对渗透性和壳锚的影响有限。仍然需要系统的参数研究来测试简化的壳体改善剃刀蛤的挖掘性能的假设。

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