Automatic Writer Identification in Medieval Books

机译：中世纪书籍自动作家识别

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Palaeography aims to study ancient documents, with the identification of the writer hands being one of the most important problems. Over the years, experienced palaeographers have devised many methodological approaches for writer identification. These methodologies are based on traditional palaeographical tools to measure quantities such as letter heights and widths, distances between characters, angles of inclination and number and types of abbreviations. Even if there has been a growing interest in the use of computer science techniques in palaeographic research, there is no general consensus about the effectiveness of such techniques and the main problems in this research field are very far to be solved in the general case. In the context of highly standardized handwriting, the use of some basic features related to the page layout can be very helpful for automatically distinguishing different scribal hands. These features have the advantage of being easily extracted using standard image processing algorithms. In this paper we present a classification tool for helping the palaeographer's work, based on basic layout measures taking into account some general properties related to the organization of the whole page (such as margins, distance between columns, etc.), and some specific properties characterizing the ability of the writer to exploit the available space and to distribute the text in each row. The experimental results, performed on two sets of digital images of two whole Bibles of the XII century, show that using only few pages of these ancient documents for the training phase of the classifier, it is possible to automatically identify the writers on the remaining pages.

机译：古图谱旨在研究古代文件，识别作者手是最重要的问题之一。多年来，经验丰富的掌签已经设计了作者识别的许多方法论方法。这些方法基于传统的掌签工具来测量诸如字母高度和宽度的数量，字符之间的距离，倾斜角度和缩写的类型和类型。即使在古地理研究中使用计算机科学技术的兴趣日益增长的兴趣，对这种技术的有效性没有一般性共识，并且在一般情况下，该研究领域的主要问题远远难以解决。在高度标准化的笔迹的背景下，使用与页面布局相关的一些基本功能对于自动区分不同的血罩手来非常有用。这些特征具有使用标准图像处理算法容易地提取的优点。在本文中，我们提出了一个分类工具，用于帮助古影师的工作，根据基本的布局措施，考虑到整个页面的组织（如利润率，列之间的距离等）以及一些特定的属性表征作者利用可用空间并在每行中分发文本的能力。实验结果，对XII世纪的两个整个圣经的两套数字图像进行了，表明，仅使用这些古代文档的几页进行分类器的训练阶段，可以自动识别剩余页面上的作者。

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《Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage》|2018年|1 v.|共6页
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Claudio De Stefano; Francesco Fontanella; Marilena Maniaci; Claudio Marrocco; Mario Molinara; Alessandra Scotto di Freca;
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中图分类文物考古;
关键词
Feature extraction; Training; Layout; Writing; Tools; Task analysis; Computer science;

机译：特征提取;培训;布局;写作;工具;任务分析;计算机科学;

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专利

1. An end-to-end deep learning system for medieval writer identification [J] . Pattern recognition letters . 2020,第Jana期

机译：用于中世纪作家身份识别的端到端深度学习系统
2. Reliable writer identification in medieval manuscripts through page layout features: The 'Avila' Bible case [J] . C. De Stefano, M. Maniaci, F. Fontanella, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence . 2018,第JUNa期

机译：通过页面布局功能可靠地识别中世纪手稿中的作者：“阿维拉”圣经案例
3. Portuguese Writers and English Readers: Books by Portuguese Writers Printed before 1640 in the Libraries of Oxford and Cambridge. By T. F. Earle [J] . Barry Taylor The Library . 2010,第4期

机译：葡萄牙语作家和英语读者：葡萄牙语作家的书1640年前在牛津和剑桥图书馆印刷。由T.F.Earle
4. Automatic Writer Identification in Medieval Books [C] . Claudio De Stefano, Francesco Fontanella, Marilena Maniaci, Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage . 2018

机译：中世纪书籍中的自动作家识别
5. Does this book help learners become better writers? A triangulation of teacher-student attitudes to an ESL writing textbook. [D] . Alenazi, Oudah. 2006

机译：这本书是否有助于学习者成为更好的作家？师生对ESL写作教科书态度的三角测量。
6. Book Review. Medieval pest-tracts and dream books [O] . F. H. Garrison 1926

机译：书评。中世纪的虫害和梦想书
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Gustav and KnightS. (eds), British Industrial Fictions , University of Wales Press, 2000, pp. viii + 212, £14.99 pb.; BalchJack S., Lamps at High Noon , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xl + 404, $19.45 pb.; ConroyJack, A World to Win , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xxxv + 348, $17.95 pb.GagnierRegenia, The Insatiability of Human Wants: Economics and Aesthetics in Market Society , University of Chicago Press, 2000, pp. 352, £10.50 pb. [O] . Paul Hyland, R. C. Richardson, Ivan Roots, 2001

机译：点评：历史的研究：一个书目指南，历史的英语理念从柯勒律治到科林伍德，英国当地历史，亚瑟和他的英语变脸：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，在英国文艺复兴时期颁布性别舞台上，莎士比亚的女性结局，写英文共和国：诗歌，修辞学和政治学1627年至1660年，对旧的新故事：在小说中，天主教和反天主教在早期现代英语文本，长子继承权和继承权在英国圣经模式：综述文学中的历史和代表，通过对小说恢复的英语内战：一个注释的参考书目，戴安娜，自我利益和英国国家身份，古人与现代人之间的古典罗马的痕迹和古典罗马：巴洛克文化在恢复英格兰，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：1780-1830，厌恶经济学的作家和饮料：十八世纪的文学业务ritain，伪造的房子在十八世纪的英国，穿着我们的衣服，牛津伴侣的浪漫时代：英国文化，1776 - 1832，国内空间：阅读十九世纪的内部，维多利亚人理论上：从德里达到布朗，美德的年龄：英国文化从恢复到浪漫主义，悲惨的痛苦：维多利亚州的残疾和感情，妇女作家第一次世界大战：一个注释的书目，文学中的酒吧，英国工业小说，人类的缘故想要：市场苏格里希第德森市场的经济和美学。 C.，历史的研究：一个书目指南，第二版，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，第十四+ 140，£40.00.ParkerChristopher，历史的英语从理念到柯勒律治科林伍德，Ashgate出版社，2000，页。 VII + 244，£45.Richardsonr。 C.（ed。），英语当地历史的变化面孔，ashgate，2000，pp。viii + 218，£45.00.00.00.Parronw。 RJ（编辑），亚瑟和他的英文：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，威尔士出版社，1999年大学，第398，£35.00.ComensoliViviana和RussellAnne（EDS），英国文艺复兴舞台上颁布性别，伊利诺伊大学出版社，1999，第270页，18.95英镑; SaunderseVe Rachel，在早期现代英格兰舞台上的雷切尔，性别和识字，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。260，£35.BerringPhilippa，莎士比亚的女性化的遗址，Routledge，1999，PP。197，£15.99 PB。 Bellilona，伊丽莎白裔女性和甲师诗歌，剑桥大学出版社，1998，PP。262，£35.00.norbrookdavid，写英国共和国：诗歌，修辞和政治1627-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XIII + 509 ，£40.FischHarold，对于旧的新故事：在小说，Macmillan出版社，1998年，第圣经模式X + 236，£42.50; Fischharold，Shakespeare，Milton和Blake的圣经存在，1999年，PP。Xi + 330，£45.marottiarthur F.（Ed。），天主教和早期现代英语文本，Macmillan，1999，PP的天主教和反天主教。XVII + 266，£47.50; Shellalison，天主教，争议和英国文学想象，1558-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XI + 309，£37.50.Jamoussizouheir，Punigoghts和Envland在英国：他们在文学中的历史和代表调查，中心出版大学，突尼斯，1999，PP。293,8 DT.Murphorn Xane C.，英语内战通过虚构的恢复：一个注释书目，格林伍德出版社，韦斯特波特，CT，CT。，2000，PP。VIII + 349，£63.95 .HammondPaul，德莱顿和古典罗马，克拉伦登出版社，牛津，1999年的痕迹，第305，£45.00.LevineJoseph M.，古人和现代人之间：巴洛克文化恢复英格兰，耶鲁大学出版社，1999，页。 XIV + 279，£27.50.50.50.5.50.Tayloranya，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：作家和饮料，1780-1830，Macmillan，1999，PP。Xi + 264，£47.50.Mandelllaura，罕有内容：十八世纪英国的文学业务，肯塔基州大学，1999，PP。X + 228，$ 42.00.Bainespaul，在十八世纪的英国伪造之家，阿什捷，1999年，PP。第八次+ 195，£47.50.50.50.50.Munnsjessica和Richardspenny（EDS），穿着我们，纽瓦克，特拉华大学出版社，1999，PP。362，£ 37.McCalmanIain（编辑），牛津伴侣对浪漫的年龄：英国文化，1776年至1832年，牛津大学出版社，1999，页。 XII + 780，£85.Brydeninga和Floydjanet（EDS），国内空间：阅读十九世纪内部，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999，PP。XII + 219，£40.00; KiddAlan和NichollsDavid（EDS），性别，公民文化和消费：在英国，1800年至1940年中产阶层的身份，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，第十四+ 223，£46.00，PB。 14.99英镑的理论上，从Derrida到Browning，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，PP。X + 180，£40.Moreedavid，富于浪漫主义，2000，2000，PP。八+ 330，£45.Klesmary，悲惨的痛苦：宾夕法尼亚大学的维多利亚州美国的残疾和感情，1999年，第211次，第一次第一次世界大战的妇女作家：一名注册参考书目，rutledge，2000，pp。230，75英镑; TyleeClaire与Turnerelaine和Cardinalagnes（EDS），战争扮演妇女：国际选集，Routledge，2000，PP。225，£16.99 PB.Taylorjohn A.，戴安娜，自身利益和英国国家身份，Praeger，2000，PP 。169，£44.95.EARNShawsteven，文学中的酒吧，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，PP。X + 294，£45和15.99英镑PB.Klaush。古斯塔夫和骑士。（EDS），英国工业小说，威尔士大学出版社，2000，PP。VIII + 212，£14.99 PB。 Balchjack S.，伊利诺伊大学高中中午的灯，2000年，PP。XL + 404，$ 19.45 PB。康罗伊士队，伊利诺伊大学的世界胜利，2000年，PP。XXXV + 348，17.95磅PB.Gagnierregenia，人类想要的缘故：市场学会的经济学和美学，芝加哥大学出版社，2000，PP。352，£ 10.50 PB。

Automatic Writer Identification in Medieval Books

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