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The US National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network and Support of Photonics Research and Development

机译：美国国家纳米技术基础设施网络和光子学研究与开发的支持

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A major challenge in science and engineering research and development at the nano-scale, and particularly for photonics, is the availability of infrastructure that allows easy and quick implementation of structures, devices, or more complex systems necessary for making rigorous measurements, other exploratory directions of interest, and building of assemblies that utilize techniques from multiple disciplines. The experiments connect across length scales - nanometers and up, employ a variety of materials and techniques of assembly and patterning, and require a complex mix of knowledge that are derived from other research areas and tools that are demanding in skills and are hard to access. The National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN; www.nnin.org) is funded by the United States National Science Foundation and is a partnership of open shared facilities across the country that enables the national and international community to pursue research and technology development that can benefit from nanotechnology. The NNIN provides easy hands-on access to external users, remote usage, staff support, low-cost usage, knowledge infrastructure, and brings together an extensive coordinated array of instruments for fabrication, synthesis, and characterization together with other infrastructure resources. Particularly relevant to photonics is the ability to combine optical quality materials and fabrication techniques with ultra-sensitive characterization and application to biology, fluidics, and problems of interest in optical and electronic communication. Integration to the smallest length scales through synthesis and electron-beam lithography, growth and deposition of a variety materials with controlled properties, patterning of complex shapes in the three-dimensions, connecting such structures, characterization, and the ability to achieve this quickly and at low cost is essential to successful university research and industrial innovation. NNIN tool resources that span focused-ion beam, electron microscopy, spectroscopic techniques, etc. for characterization; synthesis, growth, deposition, etc. for assembling; ultra-high resolution lithography, etching, etc. for patterning; all enable the researcher to focus on their own research interest by leveraging the NNIN infrastructure. Access of NNIN is designed for ease of use - quick access (typically, 2 weeks), strong support (direct staff and web-based interactions), and remote execution for simple projects.
机译：纳米级科学技术研发的主要挑战，特别是对光子学而言，是基础设施的可用性，该基础设施可以轻松，快速地实现进行严格测量，其他探索性方向所必需的结构，设备或更复杂的系统感兴趣，并利用多种学科的技术构建装配体。这些实验跨越长度范围-纳米及以上，使用多种材料以及组装和图案化技术，并且需要复杂的知识组合，这些知识是从其他研究领域和工具获得的，这些领域对技术的要求很高且难以获得。国家纳米技术基础设施网络（NNIN; www.nnin.org）由美国国家科学基金会资助，是全国范围内开放共享设施的合作伙伴关系，使国家和国际社会能够开展有益于世界的研究和技术开发来自纳米技术。 NNIN可以方便地动手访问外部用户，远程使用，人员支持，低成本使用，知识基础架构，并将用于制造，合成和表征的广泛协调的仪器阵列与其他基础架构资源整合在一起。与光子学特别相关的是将光学品质的材料和制造技术与超灵敏特性相结合的能力，并将其应用于生物学，流体学以及对光学和电子通信感兴趣的问题。通过合成和电子束光刻，生长和沉积具有可控特性的各种材料，在三维中对复杂形状进行图案化，将此类结构，特征连接以及快速实现此目的的能力，集成到最小长度尺度低成本对于成功的大学研究和产业创新至关重要。跨越聚焦离子束，电子显微镜，光谱技术等进行表征的NNIN工具资源；用于组装的合成，生长，沉积等；超高分辨率光刻，蚀刻等，用于构图；所有这些都使研究人员可以利用NNIN基础设施专注于自己的研究兴趣。访问NNIN的目的是易于使用-快速访问（通常为2周），强大的支持（直接员工和基于Web的交互）以及对简单项目的远程执行。

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