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The Role of Agency Detection in the Invention of Supernatural Beings An Abductive Approach

机译:代理检测在超自然生物发明中的作用

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Over the last decade, a multidisciplinary approach (merging cognitive science, anthropology and evolutionary psychology) has stressed the fundamental importance of cognitive constraints concerning the complex phenomenon defined as 'religion'. The main feature is the predominant presence of belief in agent-concepts that display a strong counterfactual nature, in spite of a minor degree of counterintuitiveness. Consistently with the major trend in cognitive science, we contend that agents populating religious beliefs were generated by the same processes involved to infer the presence of ordinary agents. Coherently with the Peircean framework, in which all cognitive performance is considered as a sign-mediated activity, our main point is that those processes of agency detection are characterized at all levels - from the less conscious to the higher ones - by the inferential procedure called abduction. Hence, the very invention of supernatural agents seems to be the result of a particular series of abductive processes that served some other purposes before (i.e. the detection of predators and preys) and whose output was coherent with that of other abductive patterns. Eventually, they would be externalized and recapitulated in the well-known figures of deities, spirits, and so on: thoughts concerning supernatural beings, at first rather vague, were embodied in material culture with the result of fixing them in more stable and sharable representations that could be manipulated and acquired back in the mind in the definitive form.
机译:在过去的十年中,多学科方法(融合认知科学,人类学和进化心理学)强调了认知约束对被定义为“宗教”的复杂现象的根本重要性。主要特征是,尽管有少量的反直觉性,但仍显示出对代理概念的信念,这些信念表现出强烈的反事实性质。与认知科学的主要趋势一致,我们认为构成宗教信仰的主体是通过推断普通主体存在的相同过程生成的。与Peircean框架相一致,在该框架中,所有认知表现都被认为是信号介导的活动,我们的主要观点是,代理检测的各个过程在各个层次上都有所表征-从意识较弱到较高的层次-称为推理程序。绑架。因此,超自然作用剂的发明似乎是一系列诱拐过程的结果,这些诱拐过程以前曾用于其他目的(即探测掠食者和猎物),其输出与其他诱拐模式的输出一致。最终,它们将在著名的神灵,神灵等人物中被外化和概括:关于超自然生物的思想起初比较模糊,体现在物质文化中,其结果是将它们固定为更稳定和可共享的表示形式。可以以确定的形式在脑海中进行操纵和获取。

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