Abstract: The recent proliferation of digital multimedia content has raised the issue of authentication techniques for multimedia content that is composed of still images, video and audio. Subsequently, there have been many authentication techniques for multimedia objects that have been recently proposed. One such class of techniques is based on digital watermarks and in this paper, we focus on such techniques. There are basically two types of watermarks that have been proposed for purposes of authentication, Fragile Watermarks and Content-based Authentication Watermarks. In this paper we survey different types of fragile and content-based authentication watermarking techniques that have been proposed in the literature. We point to new issues raised by the problem of authentication of multimedia content. We also discuss some shortcomings of proposed techniques and list open problems that still do not admit a satisfactory solution. !19
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