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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Assessment and Management of Environmental Risks: Methods and Applications in Eastern European and Developing Countries Oct 1-4, 2000, Lisbon, Portugal >DETERMINATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND BIOTA HEALTH
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DETERMINATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND BIOTA HEALTH

机译：确定对环境压力和生物健康的主要和次要反应

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The conventional ecotoxicological methods cannot provide an adequate assessment of environmental health and ecological risk. In this communication we present an innovative scientific base of warning monitoring and selected examples of the using microfluorometrical vital methods to characterize the health of studied species and predict their future ecological fate. For such monitoring we perfect and use the pilot biophysical devices, particularly contact microfluorometers. Our health parameters include measurements of (1) activity of anti-xenobiotic defense mechanisms, particularly export pumps, enzymes of detoxification and conjugation; (2) cell and tissue viability; (3) frequencies of DNA and chromosome damages; (4) frequencies and expression of cyto- and histopathological alterations. This methodology are used to characterize the environmental health of (1) selected molluscan and fish species along the Israeli Mediterranean and Red Sea shores as well as the German North and Baltic Sea shores; (2) selected fish species along the Israeli stream, Yarqon River; (3) Mediterranean benthic foraminifera and Red Sea corals and some other aquatic and terrestrial animals. Our data demonstrate that all living organisms have numerous anti-xenobiotic defense mechanisms and their activities mediate effects of pollutants, determine the health of biota and its further fate, particularly selection and development of new populations and communities. Our methodology allows assessing the biota health and ecological risk of man-made stressors that may be important both for developing and developed countries.
机译：常规的生态毒理学方法不能对环境健康和生态风险提供足够的评估。在本交流中，我们提出了预警监测的创新科学基础，并介绍了使用微荧光重要方法表征被研究物种的健康状况并预测其未来生态命运的一些示例。对于此类监测，我们完善并使用了生物物理试验设备，特别是接触式微荧光计。我们的健康参数包括（1）抗异物防御机制的活性，尤其是出口泵，解毒和结合酶； （2）细胞和组织的生存能力； （3）DNA频率和染色体损伤； （4）细胞和组织病理学改变的频率和表达。该方法用于表征（1）沿以色列地中海和红海沿岸以及德国北部和波罗的海沿岸的某些软体动物和鱼类物种的环境健康； （2）沿以色列河流雅克江的精选鱼类； （3）地中海底栖有孔虫和红海珊瑚以及其他一些水生和陆生动物。我们的数据表明，所有活生物体均具有多种抗异种生物防御机制，其活动可调节污染物的作用，决定生物群的健康及其进一步的命运，尤其是新种群和新社区的选择和发展。我们的方法可以评估可能对发展中国家和发达国家都重要的人造应激源的生物区系健康状况和生态风险。

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