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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on The Caspian Sea: A Quest for Environmental Security Venice, Italy 15-19 March 1999 >Caspian Environment Programme: Prospects for Regime Formation and Effectiveness
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Caspian Environment Programme: Prospects for Regime Formation and Effectiveness

机译：里海环境计划：政权形成和有效性的前景

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The Caspian Environment Programme (CEP) lies at the heart of an emerging regime for the Caspian Sea. However, it also lies at the crossroads of at least four regions with special conceptions of sovereignty and with divergent experiences with and relationships to global environmental regimes. Therefore, in Central Asia, the success and content of the CEP is rooted in these states 'more general experiences with global accords, independence, and major CEP donors (TACIS, UNDP, UNEP, and GEF). Based on extensive fieldwork, this paper examines the histories and issue linkages that shape international environmental policy in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, focusing primarily on CEP, but with reference to global accords. It describes the unique position of the environmental ministry and the structure of comparative influence over environmental decision making in the governing structure of each state, noting the external role of local scientists and NGOs in this process. This paper also examines these states as arenas for the conflicting policy imperatives of the European Union (TACIS), the United States (and why it ignores CEP), and UN institutions (GEF, UNDP, and UNEP). Finally, the paper builds on CEP's context in Central Asia, as well as on the text of CEP documents, in order to answer two questions central to CEP regime formation. To what degree will the Central Asian states comply with the emerging Caspian regime? How likely is it that such compliance, or even full compliance, will lead to actual environmental security?
机译：里海环境计划（CEP）位于里海新兴制度的核心。但是，它也位于至少四个具有特殊主权概念并且在与全球环境制度的经验和关系上存在分歧的地区的十字路口。因此，在中亚，CEP的成功和内容植根于这些国家在全球协议，独立性和主要CEP捐助者（TACIS，UNDP，UNEP和GEF）方面的更多一般经验。本文基于广泛的现场调查，考察了影响哈萨克斯坦和土库曼斯坦国际环境政策的历史和问题联系，主要侧重于CEP，但参考了全球协议。它描述了环境部的独特地位以及在每个州的治理结构中对环境决策的比较影响的结构，并指出了当地科学家和非政府组织在此过程中的外部作用。本文还考察了这些国家，它们是欧盟（TACIS），美国（以及为什么它忽略了CEP）和联合国机构（GEF，UNDP和UNEP）相互冲突的政策要求的舞台。最后，本文以CEP在中亚的背景以及CEP文件的案文为基础，以回答对CEP政权形成至关重要的两个问题。中亚国家将在何种程度上遵守新兴的里海政权？这种合规甚至完全合规会导致实际环境安全的可能性有多大？

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