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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Monitoring and Man-Made Radionuclides and Heavy Metals Waste in Environment Oct 3-6, 2000, Dubna, Russia >ADS (ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SYSTEMS) - A NEW TECHNOLOGY TO DESTROY COMPLETELY LONG-LIVED RADWASTE
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ADS (ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SYSTEMS) - A NEW TECHNOLOGY TO DESTROY COMPLETELY LONG-LIVED RADWASTE

机译：ADS（加速器驱动的系统）-销毁完整的长寿命垃圾的新技术

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Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) are coupling modern GeV-range, high intensity accelerators with subcritical nuclear reactors. ADS are becoming increasingly important in the discussion of energy producing nuclear power stations and in their ability to transmute long-lived poisonous radioactive materials (above all: plutonium) into shorter lived fission fragments or stable nuclei. Some essential technical details of these two aspects of ADS will be described together with their important consequences: 1. Such subcritical nuclear power stations are running without any ,,Tschernobyl-risk". They use conventional technologies, useful also in developing countries. 2. Provided this transmutation is carried out consequently on the industrial level, mankind needs final depositories for radwaste to be separated from the biosphere for only 600 years and no longer for millions of years. In addition, some social consequences must be discussed, in particular the proliferation risk of this entire new technology. In Europe, some experimental work is going on in this field of ADS in particular at the JINR in Dubna and CERN in Geneva. As an example, the first transmutation studies are reported here in some detail using gram samples of plutonium at the Synchrophasotron (Laboratory of High Energies, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna) irradiated with GeV protons. The results are compared with the transmutation yields for other long-lived radioactive materials. This contribution ends with an outlook into possible future options to carry out ADS. With the advent of a new generation of relativistic heavy ion accelerators, such as the Nuclotron at the JINR in Dubna, Russia, and RHIC in Brookhaven, USA, one can continue to investigate the transmutation capacity for radwaste using various ions from proton up to heavier ones with energies up to about 6 GeV/u at the Nuclotron. This is certainly interesting from a fundamental science point of view, practical applications may show up in the future: Vassilkov has shown, that the neutron yield produced by 44 GeV ~(12)C onto extended lead targets (20 cm φ, 60 cm length) is considerably larger as compared to all well-known theoretical predictions. Such a new phenomenon may be connected to ,,enhanced nuclear cross-sections" (alias ,,anomalons"). Of course, this specific problem is rather controversial, but as such it is considered in open-minded laboratories as an ,,open question", well worthwhile to study it with newly available experimental tools, such as the Nuclotron.
机译：加速器驱动系统（ADS）将现代GeV范围的高强度加速器与亚临界核反应堆相结合。 ADS在讨论能源生产核电站及其将长寿命的有毒放射性物质（首先是:）转化为寿命较短的裂变碎片或稳定核的能力变得越来越重要。将对ADS的这两个方面的一些基本技术细节及其重要后果进行描述：1.这种次临界核电站的运行没有任何“切尔诺贝利风险”。它们使用的常规技术在发展中国家也有用。2。如果这种trans变是在工业水平上进行的，人类需要将final废与生物圈分开的最终存放场所仅600年，而不再需要数百万年，此外，还必须讨论一些社会后果，特别是扩散在欧洲，ADS的这一领域正在进行一些实验工作，特别是在杜布纳（Dubna）的JINR和日内瓦的CERN进行的实验，例如，这里首次使用革兰氏样品对trans变研究进行了详细报道。 GeV质子辐照的同步加速器（达布纳核研究所联合研究所高能实验室）中的of将其与其他长寿命放射性物质的the变产量进行比较。最后，对未来可能执行ADS的选项进行了展望。随着新一代相对论性重离子加速器的出现，例如俄罗斯Dubna JINR的Nuclotron和美国Brookhaven的RHIC，人们可以继续研究使用从质子到重质各种离子的废的trans变能力。在Nuclotron的能量高达约6 GeV / u的那些。从基础科学的角度来看，这当然是有趣的，将来可能会出现实际应用：Vassilkov已经证明，由44 GeV〜（12）C产生的中子产率在扩展的铅靶（20 cmφ，60 cm长）上与所有众所周知的理论预测相比，）要大得多。这种新现象可能与“增强的核横截面”（别名“阳极”）有关。当然，这个特定的问题颇具争议，但是，在开放的实验室中，它被视为一个“开放的问题”，非常值得使用诸如Nuclotron之类的新型实验工具进行研究。

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