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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Agriculture: Role of Genetic Engineering Mragowo, Poland 13-18 June 1999 >Manipulation of Glutathione and Ascorbate Metabolism in Plants
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Manipulation of Glutathione and Ascorbate Metabolism in Plants

机译：植物中谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸代谢的操纵

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摘要

The antioxidative defences of plants are key targets for manipulation to improve stress tolerance. Almost all studies have been performed on model species and relatively few have concerned agronomically important crops such as wheat and maize. Maize is a prime subject for such manipulation since the antioxidative defences are differentially partitioned between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of the leaves. This contributes to the extreme chilling sensitivity of maize leaves which suffer severe damage and lack of vigour when grown below 18deg C. While maize shows some degree of acclimation to growth temperatures between 14 deg C and 18 deg C, this does not confer hardening to subsequent growth at lower temperatures. At present antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase are being used for transformation of maize and other species of agronomic importance. Growing interest, however, concerns utilisation of the enzymes of the pathways of biosynthesis for ascorbate and glutathione for plant improvement. The target is to achieve ten times the antioxidant content of untransformed controls in transformed plants. Such increases will considerably increase the nutrient value of edible plant parts and have the potential to improve the vigour of the crop and the shelf-life of plant products.
机译：植物的抗氧化防御是操纵以提高胁迫耐受性的关键目标。几乎所有的研究都是针对模型物种进行的，很少有研究涉及具有重要农艺意义的作物，例如小麦和玉米。玉米是进行此类操作的主要对象，因为抗氧化防御作用在叶的束鞘和叶肉细胞之间差异化分配。这有助于使玉米叶片具有极强的低温敏感性，当在低于18摄氏度的温度下生长时，叶片会遭受严重损害并且缺乏活力。尽管玉米对14摄氏度至18摄氏度之间的生长温度表现出一定程度的适应性，但这并不会导致随后的硬化在较低温度下生长。目前，诸如超氧化物歧化酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶之类的抗氧化酶被用于转化玉米和其他具有农学重要性的物种。然而，越来越多的关注涉及利用生物合成途径的酶来抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽来改善植物。目标是使转化植物中未转化对照的抗氧化剂含量达到十倍。这种增加将大大增加可食用植物部分的营养价值，并具有改善作物活力和植物产品保质期的潜力。

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