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Protein-DNA recognition

机译:蛋白质-DNA识别

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摘要

Understanding how proteins recognize DNA in a sequence-specific manner is central to understanding the regulation of transcription and other cellular processes. I will review the principles of DNA recognition that have emerged from the large number of high-resolution structures determined over the last 10 years. The DNA-binding domains of transcription factors exhibit surprisingly diverse protein architectures, yet all achieve a precise complemetarity of shape facilitating specific chemical recognition of their particular targets. Although general rules for recognition can be derived, the complex nature of the recognition mechanism precludes a simple recognition code. In particular, it has become evident that the structure and flexibility of DNA and contacts mediated by water molecules contribute to the recognition process. Based on the structural information it has proven possible to design proteins with novel recognition specificities. Despite this considerable practical success, the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of protein/DNA recognition remain poorly understood (reviewed in 1).
机译:了解蛋白质如何以序列特异性方式识别DNA是了解转录调控和其他细胞过程的关键。我将回顾过去十年来确定的大量高分辨率结构中出现的DNA识别原理。转录因子的DNA结合结构域展现出令人惊讶的多种蛋白质结构,但都实现了形状的精确互补,从而促进了对其特定靶标的特异性化学识别。尽管可以导出识别的一般规则,但是识别机制的复杂性排除了简单的识别代码。特别是,很明显,DNA的结构和柔韧性以及由水分子介导的接触有助于识别过程。基于结构信息,已证明设计具有新颖识别特异性的蛋白质是可能的。尽管取得了巨大的实践成功,但对蛋白质/ DNA识别的热力学和动力学特性仍然知之甚少(在1中进行了综述)。

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