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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Soil Quality in Relation tot Sustainable Development of Agriculture and Environmental Security in Central and Eastern Europe, Oct 13-17, 1997, Pulawy, Poland >PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE STATUS OF N-FERTILIZATION POLICIES IN HUNGARY
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PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE STATUS OF N-FERTILIZATION POLICIES IN HUNGARY

机译：匈牙利N施肥政策的过去，现在和未来状态

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The goal of efficient N management is to minimize or eliminate nitrate leaching losses which involves controlling the excess of nitrogen (in the form of nitrate) in the root zone at the end of the growing season as well as at times when intensive rainfall is probable. This goal can only be realised through well-planned field experiments. Evaluation of Hungarian experimental data-sets shows that it is possible to improve the nitrogen management practices so as to secure stable and sufficient yields and to protect the environment at the same time. The different nitrogen budgetary approaches at different scales (country, county, farm, field, experiment) and the results concerning the fate and behaviour of nitrogen in the long-term field experiments proved that with appropriate use of fertiliser N the amount of the residual nitrogen could be as low as in the unfertilised plots. In addition, no nitrate-N accumulation therefore was detected under the root zone even for the migration type soils. It is concluded that the harmful effect of fertilization can be avoided if N fertilisers are applied at the recommended rates, taking into account the N demand of the crops for the expected yield, and the specific environmental conditions.
机译：高效氮素管理的目的是最大程度地减少或消除硝酸盐的淋失，这涉及在生长季节结束时以及在可能出现强降雨时控制根区氮的过量（以硝酸盐的形式）。这个目标只能通过精心计划的现场实验来实现。对匈牙利实验数据集的评估表明，可以改善氮素管理方法，以确保稳定和足够的产量并同时保护环境。在不同规模（国家，县，农场，田间，试验）上不同的氮预算方法以及长期田间试验中有关氮的命运和行为的结果证明，适当使用肥料氮可残留氮量可能和未施肥的土地一样低另外，即使对于迁移型土壤，在根部区域也未检测到硝态氮累积。结论是，考虑到作物对预期产量的氮需求和特定的环境条件，以推荐的比例施用氮肥可以避免施肥的有害影响。

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