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首页> 外文会议>Offshore Symposium on International Offshore Development: Success and Challenges; 20030219; Houston,TX; US >HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING AND CULTURAL CALIBRATION FOR VESSEL AND OFFSHORE INSTALLATION DESIGN
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HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING AND CULTURAL CALIBRATION FOR VESSEL AND OFFSHORE INSTALLATION DESIGN

机译：船舶和海上设施设计的人因工程和文化标定

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摘要

Reliability and system availability are high priorities in the operation and maintenance of vessels and offshore installations. Both factors are influenced by the physical design and management practices. The application of Human Factors Engineering can measurably increase reliability and availability by promoting efficient and effective human performance while reducing the potential for human errors. One of the basic principles of human factors engineering is that design efforts must consider the "user" and fit the physical, psychological and cultural background of the user population. In order to obtain the best benefit from human factors engineering, it is necessary to examine the unique characteristics of the personnel who will be expected to work on board. Human factors engineering provides a mechanism to help ensure that a vessel or installation design and management systems take account of the expectations and work practices of the personnel. Since much of the design work for vessels and offshore installations occurs in countries other than where the vessel may operate or where the installation may be located, it is particularly important that the expected user be considered and accommodated through the design and planning phases of a project. This concept can be captured by the phrase, "For technology to travel well, it should be culturally calibrated." Some of the human factors engineering concerns addressed in this paper fall into the categories of management and organizational issues. The traditional human factors engineering concerns include anthropometries, physiology and strength, and manual materials handling. The managerial and organizational challenges extend to communications, language, and cultural variables. The intended result of this paper is the increased awareness of cultural concerns for designers, engineers, and naval architects where project teams are designing vessels and installations for personnel from various countries.
机译：可靠性和系统可用性是船舶和海上设施的运营和维护中的重中之重。这两个因素均受物理设计和管理实践的影响。人为因素工程的应用可以通过提高有效的人为绩效同时减少人为错误的可能性来显着提高可靠性和可用性。人为因素工程学的基本原则之一是，设计工作必须考虑“用户”并适合用户群体的身体，心理和文化背景。为了从人为因素工程中获得最大的收益，有必要检查预期将在船上工作的人员的独特特征。人为因素工程学提供了一种机制，可帮助确保船只或装置的设计和管理系统考虑到人员的期望和工作实践。由于船舶和海上设施的许多设计工作都发生在船舶可能运营或安装所在的国家以外的其他国家，因此在项目的设计和规划阶段中考虑并容纳预期的用户尤为重要。这个概念可以用短语“为了使技术更好地传播，应该在文化上进行校准”来表达。本文解决的一些人为因素涉及工程，属于管理和组织问题。传统的人为因素对工程的关注包括人体解剖学，生理和强度以及人工处理材料。管理和组织方面的挑战扩展到沟通，语言和文化变量。本文的预期结果是提高设计人员，工程师和海军建筑师对文化关注的意识，其中项目团队正在为来自不同国家的人员设计船只和装置。

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