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Effect of environmental temperature on diffraction efficiency for multilayer diffractive optical elements in Mid-wave infrared

机译：环境温度对中波红外多层衍射光学元件衍射效率的影响

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In this paper, the effect of environmental temperature change on multilayer diffractive optical elements (MLDOEs) is evaluated from the viewpoint of the diffraction efficiency and the polychromatic integral diffraction efficiency (PIDE). As environmental temperature changes, the microstructure heights of MLDOEs expand or contract, and refractive indices of substrate materials also change. Based on the changes in microstructure height and substrate material index with environmental temperature, the theoretical relation between diffraction efficiency of MLDOEs and environmental temperature is deduced. A practical 3-5μm Mid-wave infrared (MWIR) optical system designed with a MLDOE, which made of ZNSE and GE, is discussed to illustrate the influence of environmental temperature change. The result shows that diffraction efficiency reduction is no more than 85% and PIDE reduction is less than 50% when environmental temperature ranges from -20℃ to 60℃. According to the calculated diffraction efficiency in different environmental temperatures, the MTF of hybrid optical system is modified and the modified MTF curve is compared with the original MTF curve. Although the hybrid optical system achieved passive athermalization in above environmental temperature range, the modified MTF curve also remarkably decline in environmental temperature extremes after the consideration of diffraction efficiency change of MLDOE. It is indicated that the image quality of hybrid optical system with ZNSE-GE MLDOE is significantly sensitive to environmental temperature change. The analysis result can be used for optical engineering design with MLDOEs in MWIR.
机译：本文从衍射效率和多色积分衍射效率（PIDE）的角度评估了环境温度变化对多层衍射光学元件（MLDOE）的影响。随着环境温度的变化，MLDEE的微观结构高度会膨胀或收缩，并且基材的折射率也会发生变化。根据微结构高度和衬底材料指数随环境温度的变化，推导了MLDES的衍射效率与环境温度之间的理论关系。讨论了由ZNSE和GE组成的，采用MLDOE设计的实用的3​​-5μm中波红外（MWIR）光学系统，以说明环境温度变化的影响。结果表明，当环境温度为-20℃至60℃时，衍射效率降低不超过85％，PIDE降低小于50％。根据计算出的在不同环境温度下的衍射效率，对混合光学系统的MTF进行修改，并将修改后的MTF曲线与原始MTF曲线进行比较。尽管混合光学系统在高于环境温度范围内实现了被动无热化，但考虑到MLDOE的衍射效率变化，修改后的MTF曲线在极端环境温度下也显着下降。研究表明，采用ZNSE-GE MLDOE的混合光学系统的图像质量对环境温度变化非常敏感。该分析结果可用于MWIR中具有MLDOE的光学工程设计。

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