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Helium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet: Diagnostics and Application for Burned Wounds Healing

机译：氦气大气压等离子射流：烧伤愈合的诊断和应用

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A new field of plasma applications developed in the last years, entitled plasma medicine, has focused the attention of many peoples from plasma community on biology and medicine. Subjects that involve plasma physics and technology (e.g. living tissue treatment or wound healing, cancer cell apoptosis, blood coagulation, sterilization and decontamination) are nowadays in study in many laboratories. In this paper we present results on optical and electrical diagnosis of a helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet designed for medical use. This type of plasma jet was used for improvement of the wound healing process. We observed a more rapid macroscopic healing of the plasma treated wounds in comparison with the control group. Atmospheric pressure plasma sources are employed nowadays in various industrial applications, using many configurations and experimental solutions to fulfill the needs of modern technologies [1, 2]. We can easily identify some classes of discharges based on operation principle and discharge mechanism: arc, jet and torches, corona, dielectric barrier discharge and resistive discharge, hollow cathode and microdischarges. They are driven by dc or ac/pulsed voltage sources, having frequency values spread on a broad range: low frequency (Hz-kHz), RF (13.56 MHz) and microwaves (2.45 GHz). Continuing this long tradition of atmospheric pressure plasma applications, a new research field shaped his profile in the plasma community: the plasma medicine [ 1, 3-5]. Currently it exist a number of intensively studied phenomena involving the use of atmospheric pressure plasmas in medicine, such as living tissue treatment (e.g. wound healing), cancerous cell destruction (e.g., by apoptosis or ablation), blood coagulation, modification of bone tissue (dentistry and orthopedics), sterilization and decontamination. A large variety of plasma sources were employed, they being labeled in different ways. Well known names are: plasma needle [6-9], plasma pencil [10-12], plasma gun [13,14] or atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) [15-18]. Parameters of these plasma sources (e.g. temperature and concentration of charged species, gas temperature, concentration and distribution of reactive species) are spread over large domains of values. Having this in mind, standardization of operational parameters of atmospheric pressure plasma sources represents a necessity before any large medical use and remains an open challenge. Parameters like maximum current value, charge, power density, repetition rate, applied voltage, gas mixture can be used to achieve this goal.
机译：近年来开发的等离子体应用的新领域，名为“血浆医学”，已经将血浆社区的许多人的注意力集中在生物学和医学上。如今，涉及血浆物理学和技术（例如活体组织治疗或伤口愈合，癌细胞凋亡，凝血，杀菌和去污）的主题正在许多实验室中进行研究。在本文中，我们介绍了设计用于医疗用途的氦气大气压等离子体射流的光学和电气诊断结果。这种等离子流用于改善伤口愈合过程。与对照组相比，我们观察到了血浆治疗伤口的宏观愈合更快。如今，大气压等离子体源已在各种工业应用中使用，它们使用许多配置和实验解决方案来满足现代技术的需求[1、2]。我们可以根据工作原理和放电机理轻松地确定某些类别的放电：电弧，喷射和火炬，电晕，介电势垒放电和电阻放电，空心阴极放电和微放电。它们由直流或交流/脉冲电压源驱动，其频率值分布在广泛的范围内：低频（Hz-kHz），RF（13.56 MHz）和微波（2.45 GHz）。在大气压等离子体应用这一长期传统的基础上，一个新的研究领域改变了他在等离子体领域的形象：等离子体医学[1，3-5]。目前，存在许多深入研究的现象，涉及在医学中使用大气压等离子体，例如活组织治疗（例如伤口愈合），癌细胞破坏（例如通过凋亡或消融），凝血，骨组织修饰（牙科和整形外科），消毒和去污。使用了各种各样的血浆源，它们以不同的方式标记。众所周知的名称是：等离子针[6-9]，等离子铅笔[10-12]，等离子枪[13,14]或大气压等离子喷嘴（APPJ）[15-18]。这些等离子体源的参数（例如，带电物质的温度和浓度，气体温度，反应性物质的浓度和分布）分布在较大的值域中。考虑到这一点，大气压等离子体源的操作参数的标准化代表了在任何大规模医疗用途之前的必要性，并且仍然是一个开放的挑战。可以使用诸如最大电流值，电荷，功率密度，重复率，施加的电压，气体混合物之类的参数来实现此目标。

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