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Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing for King Bolt and Nut Thread in Pressure Vessels

机译：压力容器中国王螺栓和螺母螺纹的相控阵超声波测试

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摘要

The testing for king bolt and nut thread in critical pressure vessels like hydrogenation reactors is very important. If the thread has any cracks, it may lead to sealing surface leakage of pressure vessel, even fire and explosion, which could be disastrous. How to detect thread effectively and find defects timely to eliminate hidden safety trouble? The current standard (DLT694-1999 The Technical Guide of Ultrasonic Inspection for High-temperature Tight Bolts) prescribes that using a single-crystal angle probe or straight probe to perform conventional ultrasonic testing for bolt thread. This method, due to influence of initial pulse, has a big blind zone. Many thread signals are buried in the initial pulse so that parts of thread cannot be detected. These positions are often prone to have defects. There are no related standards about nut thread, hence it is hard to have an effective testing.The testing for king bolt and nut thread in pressure vessels is a technical difficulty that the industry urgently needs a solution. To fix this issue, we have decided to use ultrasonic phased-array technology to handle the existing problem. Ultrasonic phased-array transverse and longitudinal wave 2D imaging technology was applied to test thread defect of king bolts and nuts of different sizes. Finally, it is found that when testing bolts and nuts at the end and cylindrical surface, the blind area of the king bolt thread tested by conventional ultrasonic testing can be avoided, and the bolt cracks at the outboard side can be detected as well. With clear thread imaging, easy identification of cracks, simple and intuitive. The test result is very good in field application.This paper describes using ultrasonic phased-array to test king bolt and nut thread, setting of system parameters, probe selection, artificial defects of test blocks and application examples.
机译：在关键压力容器（如氢化反应器）中进行国王螺栓和螺母螺纹的测试非常重要。如果螺纹有裂纹，可能会导致压力容器的密封面泄漏，甚至起火和爆炸，这可能是灾难性的。如何有效地发现螺纹并及时发现缺陷以消除安全隐患？当前标准（DLT694-1999高温紧螺栓超声检查技术指南）规定，使用单晶角探头或直探头对螺栓螺纹执行常规的超声波测试。由于初始脉冲的影响，该方法具有较大的盲区。许多线信号被埋在初始脉冲中，因此无法检测到线的一部分。这些位置通常容易出现缺陷。螺母螺纹没有相关标准，因此很难进行有效的测试。压力容器中的国王螺栓和螺母螺纹的测试是行业急需解决的技术难题。为了解决此问题，我们决定使用超声相控阵技术来解决现有问题。超声相控阵横波和纵波二维成像技术被用于测试不同尺寸的国王螺栓和螺母的螺纹缺陷。最后，发现当在端部和圆柱表面上测试螺栓和螺母时，可以避免通过常规超声测试测试的国王螺栓螺纹的盲区，并且还可以检测到外侧的螺栓裂纹。具有清晰的螺纹成像，易于识别裂纹，简单直观。测试结果在现场应用中取得了很好的效果。本文介绍了使用超声相控阵测试国王螺栓和螺母螺纹，系统参数设置，探头选择，测试块的人为缺陷和应用实例。

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