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ESTIMATION OF BITE FORCES FROM FRACTURES IN PRIMATE TEETH

机译:从原始牙齿的断裂中估计咬合力

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摘要

A study is made of longitudinal cracks in a single cusprntooth model in order to develop a simple tool forrnpredicting bite forces from observation of fractures inrnfossil primate teeth. Longitudinal cracks are characterizedrnas Radial (growing from the cusp towards the margin) orrnMargin (growing form the margin towards the cusp). Therncracks grow stably under compressive (occlusal) load tornfailure. The failure loads of Margin and Radial cracksrnfollow a generic power law equation, with a slightrndifference due to different stress histories at the crackrnfront, indicating that a similar mechanism governs bothrntypes of longitudinal cracks. The Extended threedimensionalrnFinite Element Method (XFEM) was utilizedrnto generate step-by-step crack propagation to investigaternthe importance of geometrical dimensions on fracturernload. The results show a greater sensitivity to tooth sizern(radius) than to the enamel thickness. The XFEMrnanalysis has allowed a simple analytical model for failurernload to be ‘calibrated’. The model can then be used tornprovide an estimate of bit force if a longitudinal crack isrnevident in a tooth specimen.
机译:为了开发一种简单的工具,通过观察灵长类化石牙齿中的化石咬合力来预测咬合力,对单个尖牙模型中的纵向裂缝进行了研究。纵向裂纹的特征是径向(从尖端向边缘生长)或边缘(从边缘向边缘生长)。裂纹在压缩(咬合)载荷破坏下稳定增长。边缘裂纹和径向裂纹的破坏载荷遵循一个通用的幂律方程,由于裂纹前沿的应力历史不同,因此存在微小的差异,这表明类似的机制可以控制两种纵向裂纹。利用扩展三维有限元方法(XFEM)生成逐步裂纹扩展,以研究几何尺寸对断裂载荷的重要性。结果表明,对牙齿直径(半径)的敏感性比对牙釉质厚度的敏感性更大。 XFEMrnanalysis允许对“故障载荷”的简单分析模型进行“校准”。如果在牙齿样品中发现纵向裂纹,则该模型可用于提供钻头力的估计。

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