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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 2nd China-Japan graduate student forum : Life, environment and energy >Primary Research on Tsunami Depositional Models
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Primary Research on Tsunami Depositional Models

机译：海啸沉积模型的初步研究

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Tsunami depositional process involves two critical processes:rip-up and backwash.As a tsunami arrives at the shore and breaks down,amount of seabed sediments are eroded intensively.Tsunamis can transport these sediment landward as a turbulent flow,including coastal sandstone,pebblestone,silt,clay and lots of shell or fossil fragments[1].As current velocity decrease,its erosive capacity weakens and deposition of coarse sediment increases.Larger bio-clasts may deposit in the coastal plain.Before the water body changes direction,the current stay stagnant when fine-grain silts and clay remain in suspension whereas material coarser than silt can be deposited,and shows normal grading.During the backwash time,the seaward flow take the onshore sediment both in situ and previousy deposited back to sea.If the shallow coastal areas are fiat enough,sediment tends not easy to form gravity flow; if basal topography turns steep,the transportation of sediments by high-density sediment gravity flows happens commonly in valleys and canyons,and deposited fast in the fiat area to form homogenous turbidite.Stacking pattern of sedimentary structures varies in accordance with various sedimentary settings.
机译：海啸的沉积过程涉及两个关键过程：裂开和反冲。随着海啸到达岸边并崩溃，大量的海底沉积物被强烈侵蚀。海啸可将这些沉积物作为湍流向陆输送，包括沿海砂岩，卵石，淤泥，粘土和许多贝壳或化石碎片[1]。随着流速的降低，其侵蚀能力减弱，粗泥沙的沉积增加。较大的生物碎屑可能沉积在沿海平原。在水体改变方向之前，水流当细粒淤泥和粘土保持悬浮状态时，淤泥保持停滞状态，而比淤泥更厚的物质可以沉积，并显示出正常的分级。在回洗期间，海流将陆上沉积物原位和先沉积回海。沿海浅水区足够平坦，沉积物往往不易形成重力流。如果基础地形陡峭，高密度泥沙重力流对泥沙的输送通常发生在山谷和峡谷中，并快速沉积在平坦的区域，形成均质的浊积岩。沉积结构的堆积模式随沉积环境的不同而变化。

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