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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of 4th International Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators >Nucleation and Undercooling of Acoustically Levitated Water Drops
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Nucleation and Undercooling of Acoustically Levitated Water Drops

机译：声悬浮水滴的形核和过冷

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摘要

Water drops are undercooled to temperatures more than 16 K below its freezing point with a piezoelectric-type acoustic levitator,because of the efficient elimination of heterogeneous nuclei in containerless state.The experimental results show that the undercooling level increases linearly with the rise of cooling rate in the range of 3～14 K/min and can be enhanced by either diminishing the drop surface area or reducing the sound pressure.The effects of surface area and sound pressure on undercoolability are explained in the light of the surface nucleation model.The strong influence of cooling rate on undercoolings indicates that the nucleation rate of ice has relatively weak dependence on undercooling as compared with the case of homogeneous nucleation.Further analyses based on the classic nucleation theory show that the small nucleation prefactor in surface nucleation accounts for this weak dependence.These results suggest that levitating small water drops with low sound pressure and high cooling rate is helpful to obtain large undercoolings.
机译：由于有效消除了无容器状态下的异质核，利用压电型声悬浮器将水滴过冷至其凝固点以下的温度超过16K。实验结果表明，过冷度随冷却速率的增加而线性增加在3〜14 K / min的范围内，可以通过减小液滴表面积或降低声压来增强。表面积和声压对过冷性的影响根据表面形核模型进行了解释。冷却速率对过冷度的影响表明，与均匀成核的情况相比，冰的成核速率对过冷的依赖性相对较弱。基于经典成核理论的进一步分析表明，表面成核中小的成核因素是这种弱依赖性的原因。这些结果表明，悬浮的小水滴具有低声压和高冷却速率有助于获得较大的过冷度。

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