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The cat is out of the bag

机译：猫从书包里掏出来

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In the quest for cognitive computing, we have built a massively parallel cortical simulator, C2, that incorporates a number of innovations in computation, memory, and communication. Using C2 on LLNL's Dawn Blue Gene/P supercomputer with 147, 456 CPUs and 144 TB of main memory, we report two cortical simulations -- at unprecedented scale -- that effectively saturate the entire memory capacity and refresh it at least every simulated second. The first simulation consists of 1.6 billion neurons and 8.87 trillion synapses with experimentally-measured gray matter thalamocortical connectivity. The second simulation has 900 million neurons and 9 trillion synapses with probabilistic connectivity. We demonstrate nearly perfect weak scaling and attractive strong scaling. The simulations, which incorporate phenomenological spiking neurons, individual learning synapses, axonal delays, and dynamic synaptic channels, exceed the scale of the cat cortex, marking the dawn of a new era in the scale of cortical simulations.
机译：为了寻求认知计算，我们构建了一个大规模并行皮质仿真器C2，该仿真器在计算，内存和通信方面进行了许多创新。在具有147、456个CPU和144 TB主内存的LLNL的Dawn Blue Gene / P超级计算机上使用C2，我们报告了两次皮质模拟（前所未有的规模），它们有效地饱和了整个存储容量，并至少每隔一秒钟模拟一次就刷新一次。第一次模拟由16亿个神经元和8.87万亿个突触组成，具有通过实验测量的灰质丘脑皮质连通性。第二个模拟具有9亿个神经元和9万亿个具有概率连通性的突触。我们展示了近乎完美的弱缩放和有吸引力的强缩放。结合了现象学突增神经元，个体学习突触，轴突延迟和动态突触通道的模拟超过了猫皮层的规模，标志着皮层模拟规模的新时代的到来。

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