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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the fire and materials 2015 conference >EFFECT OF FLAME RETARDANTS ON POLYMER HEAT RELEASE RATE
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EFFECT OF FLAME RETARDANTS ON POLYMER HEAT RELEASE RATE

机译：阻燃剂对聚合物热释放速率的影响

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Heat release rate is the key property in fires. This survey investigates the effect of flame retardantsrnon the heat released by key polymers. The polymeric materials were chosen based on two criteria: that theyrnbe used extensively in key applications (building/construction, furniture/furnishings, transportation orrnelectrical/electronics) and that their intrinsic fire performance not be good enough for adequate fire safety.rnThe following materials were chosen (in alphabetical order).rn1. ABS and/or other styrenics, including HIPSrn2. Cellulose or cotton fabricsrn3. Engineering thermoplastics (including polycarbonate)rn4. Epoxy resinsrn5. EVA and/or other polyolefin blends and/or copolymersrn6. Flexible PVCrn7. LDPErn8. Nylon and/or other polyamidesrn9. Polyesters (including also PET fabrics)rn10. Polycarbonatern11. Polypropylenern12. Polystyrenern13. Polyurethane (foam and thermoplastic polyurethane)rn14. Rigid PVCrn15. Wood (different species, if possible)rnA pair of publications in the 2014 Fire and Materials journal has gone into extensive detail on this subjectrnand the present publication was designed to summarize the findings. Most of the studies reviewed herern(well over 100) were conducted primarily in the initial 21st century years, and are, undoubtedly, of unevenrnquality. Moreover, many of the studies are also academic and not based on actual commercial products.rnTherefore the survey of new date should be used in combination with earlier studies, including particularlyrna seminal 1988 NBS/NIST study that focused on 5 materials made into simulated products.rnSome important observations can be developed: (1) the fact that a material has been “flame retarded”rnsimply means that some amount of “flame retardants” has been added: such a system does not necessarilyrnhave proper fire performance, (2) the designation of a material as “flame retardant” (or even, morernaccurately, as “flame retarded”) is a meaningless and misleading designation as it is not related to actualrnfire performance, (3) improvements in fire performance are typically intended to meet certain fire safetyrnrequirements and (3) flame retardants (individually or in combination) that can be efficient for a particularrnpolymer can be useless for other materials.rnIn some systems improvements in heat release rate of over an order of magnitude can be found.rnThe key conclusion to be drawn from the work is that flame retardants will decrease heat release rates ofrnpolymers. However, it is essential that flame retardant systems be used for the correct application and in thernproper proportions. Thus, the proper use of flame retardants will lead to lower fire hazard.
机译：放热率是火灾的关键属性。这项调查研究了阻燃剂对关键聚合物释放的热量的影响。聚合物材料的选择基于两个标准：它们在关键应用（建筑/建筑，家具/家具，运输或电子/电气）中得到了广泛使用，并且其固有的防火性能不足以提供足够的消防安全性。选择（按字母顺序）.rn1。 ABS和/或其他苯乙烯，包括HIPSrn2。纤维素或棉织物rn3。工程热塑性塑料（包括聚碳酸酯）rn4。环氧树脂rn5。 EVA和/或其他聚烯烃共混物和/或共聚物。柔性PVCrn7。 LDPErn 8。尼龙和/或其他聚酰胺聚酯（也包括PET织物）rn10。聚碳酸酯碳纤维11。聚丙烯12。聚苯乙烯rn13。聚氨酯（泡沫和热塑性聚氨酯）rn14。刚性PVCrn15。木材（如果可能，使用不同物种）rn 2014年《消防与材料》杂志上有两本出版物对此主题进行了详细介绍，本出版物旨在总结这些发现。回顾性的大多数研究（超过100个）主要是在21世纪初期进行的，毫无疑问，它们的质量参差不齐。此外，许多研究也是学术性的，而不是基于实际的商业产品。因此，新日期的调查应与早期研究结合使用，包括特别是1988年NBS / NIST的开创性研究，该研究侧重于将5种材料制成模拟产品。可以得出一些重要的观察结果：（1）材料已经“阻燃”这一事实意味着仅添加了一定量的“阻燃剂”：这样的系统不一定具有适当的防火性能，（2）名称一种材料的“阻燃”（或更准确地说是“阻燃”）的名称是没有意义的，并且具有误导性，因为它与实际的防火性能无关。（3）防火性能的改善通常旨在满足某些防火安全要求（3）对特定聚合物有效的阻燃剂（单独或组合使用）对其他材料无效。可以得出的结论是，阻燃剂会降低聚合物的放热率。从这项工作得出的主要结论是。但是，至关重要的是，阻燃剂系统必须正确使用并以正确的比例使用。因此，正确使用阻燃剂将降低火灾隐患。

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