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首页> 外文会议>PVP-vol.493; American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME) International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition; 20051105-11; Orlando,FL(US) >MITIGATION OF BENDING STRESS AND FAILURE DUE TO TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIALS IN PIPING SYSTEMS CARRYING MULTIPHASE FLUIDS - USING CFD AND FEA
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MITIGATION OF BENDING STRESS AND FAILURE DUE TO TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIALS IN PIPING SYSTEMS CARRYING MULTIPHASE FLUIDS - USING CFD AND FEA

机译：使用CFD和FEA缓解携带多相流体的管道系统中因温度差异而引起的弯曲应力和破坏。

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The bending of large pipes due to temperature differentials between the bottom and top of the pipe is a very serious problem. The temperature differentials can either be caused by extremely cold liquids (such as methane or ethylene flowing from a lateral into a flare header) or hot liquids flowing at the bottom of a piping system (such as in a Vacuum transfer line) while the top is exposed to atmospheric conditions. In some cases liquids may be produced by Joule-Thompson cooling of high pressure cold gas as it expands through a safety-relief or emergency depressurization valve. The liquid so formed can accumulate, for example, on the dead leg side of a flare header. The differential expansion can deform the pipe so that it lifts off its supports. It takes a finite amount of time for the heat transfer by conduction to equilibrate the temperature to a more benign level. The initial stresses induced due to large thermal differential may even cause the pipe to crack in the region of the supports and T-joints to the laterals. This phenomenon has been observed in several industries, most predominantly in the petrochemical industry. This paper recounts the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to study this important phenomenon. The liquid flowing from the lateral into the main header pipe is multiphase in the dispersed, stratified, slug or annular flow regime. Multiphase flows with heat transfer are analyzed using CFD. The temperatures on the walls of the pipe system are then transferred to the FEA and analyzed for heat transfer and thermal stresses. These stresses are compared to ASME standards to see if they are within allowable limits. This paper also recounts efforts to reduce the bending effect by preventing liquid accumulation on the dead leg side. Other methods that provide better supports for bent piping are studied. Further, methods of equilibrating the temperature faster to prevent the bowing of the pipe are also studied. It is hoped that this presentation will benefit people designing piping networks with varying liquid and vapor traffic by providing a safe environment free of cracks and spills.
机译：由于管子底部和顶部之间的温差而导致的大管子弯曲是一个非常严重的问题。温差可能是由于极冷的液体（例如，甲烷或乙烯从侧面流入火炬集管）或热的液体在管道系统的底部（例如，在真空传输管线中）流动而顶部是暴露在大气条件下。在某些情况下，当高压冷气通过安全释放阀或紧急减压阀膨胀时，可通过焦耳-汤普森冷却高压冷气来产生液体。如此形成的液体可积聚在例如火炬集管的死腿侧。差异膨胀会使管道变形，从而使其脱离支撑。通过传导进行热传递需要有限的时间，以将温度平衡到一个更好的水平。由于较大的热差而引起的初始应力甚至可能导致管子在支座和T型接头到支管的区域破裂。这种现象已在几个行业中观察到，最主要的是石化行业。本文阐述了使用计算流体力学（CFD）和有限元分析（FEA）研究这一重要现象的方法。从侧向主总管流动的液体在分散，分层，团状或环形流动状态下是多相的。使用CFD分析具有传热的多相流。然后，将管道系统壁上的温度传递到FEA，并分析传热和热应力。将这些压力与ASME标准进行比较，以查看它们是否在允许的范围内。本文还介绍了通过防止液体积聚在死腿一侧来减少弯曲效果的工作。研究了为弯管提供更好支撑的其他方法。此外，还研究了更快地平衡温度以防止管道弯曲的方法。希望此演示文稿将为人们提供一个无裂纹和溢出的安全环境，从而有益于设计具有各种液体和蒸气流量的管道网络。

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