The developing understanding of fracture by hole growth is eviewed, including the physical phenomena, linear elastic fracture mechanics, micro-to macro-scale solutions, micro-mechanics, non-linear elastic fracture mechanics, the finite element method, and a new rigid-plastic, non-hardening fracture mechanics. This last, based on plane strain slip line fields, is a useful limiting case when a specimen or structure is fully plastic through initial or continuing crack growth. Unsolved problems are mentioned in passing and are summarized at the end.
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