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首页> 外文会议>Remote Sensing of the Marine Environment; Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering; vol.6406 >MAUVE/SWIPE: An Imaging Instrument Concept with Multi-Angular, -Spectral, and -Polarized Capability for Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Ocean color, Clouds, and Vegetation from Space
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MAUVE/SWIPE: An Imaging Instrument Concept with Multi-Angular, -Spectral, and -Polarized Capability for Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Ocean color, Clouds, and Vegetation from Space

机译：MAUVE / SWIPE：具有多角度，光谱和极化功能的成像仪器概念，可用于遥感气溶胶，海洋颜色，云和太空植被

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摘要

The Monitoring Aerosols in the Ultraviolet Experiment (MAUVE) and the Short-Wave Infrared Polarimeter Experiment (SWIPE) instruments have been designed to collect, from a typical sun-synchronous polar orbit at 800 km altitude, global observations of the spectral, polarized, and directional radiance reflected by the earth-atmosphere system for a wide range of applications. Based on the heritage of the POLDER radiometer, the MAUVE/SWIPE instrument concept combines the merits of TOMS for observing in the ultra-violet, MISR for wide field-of-view range, MODIS, for multi-spectral aspects in the visible and near infrared, and the POLDER instrument for polarization. The instruments are camera systems with 2-dimensional detector arrays, allowing a 120-degree field-of-view with adequate ground resolution (i.e., 0.4 or 0.8 km at nadir) from satellite altitude. Multi-angle viewing is achieved by the along-track migration at spacecraft velocity of the 2-dimensional field-of-view. Between the cameras' optical assembly and detector array are two filter wheels, one carrying spectral filters, the other polarizing filters, allowing measurements of the first three Stokes parameters, I. Q, and V, of the incident radiation in 16 spectral bands optimally placed in the interval 350-2200 nm. The spectral range is 350-1050 nm for the MAUVE instrument and 1050-2200 nm for the SWIPE instrument. The radiometric requirements are defined to fully exploit the multi-angular, multi-spectral, and multi-polarized capability of the instruments. These include a wide dynamic range, a signal-to-noise ratio above 500 in all channels at maximum radiance level, i.e., when viewing a surface target of albedo equal to 1, and a noise-equivalent-differential reflectance better than 0.0005 at low signal level for a sun at zenith. To achieve daily global coverage, a pair of MAUVE and SWIPE instruments would be carried by each of two mini-satellites placed on interlaced orbits. The equator crossing time of the two satellites would be adjusted to allow simultaneous observations of the overlapping zone viewed from the two parallel orbits of the twin satellites. Using twin satellites instead of a single satellite would allow measurements in a more complete range of scattering angles. A MAUVE/SWIPE satellite mission would improve significantly the accuracy of ocean color observations from space, and will extend the retrieval of ocean optical properties to the ultra-violet, where they become very sensitive to detritus material and dissolved organic matter. It would also provide a complete description of the scattering and absorption properties of aerosol particles, as well as their size distribution and vertical distribution. Over land, the retrieved bidirectional reflectance function would allow a better classification of terrestrial vegetation and discrimination of surface types. The twin satellite concept, by providing stereoscopic capability, would offer the possibility to analyze the three-dimensional structure and radiative properties of cloud fields.
机译：紫外线实验中的气溶胶监测（MAUVE）和短波红外旋光仪实验（SWIPE）仪器的设计目的是，从800 km高度的典型太阳同步极地轨道收集光谱，偏振光和地球大气系统反射的定向辐射，适用范围广泛。基于POLDER辐射计的传统，MAUVE / SWIPE仪器概念结合了TOMS的优点，可在紫外下进行观测，MISR可以在宽视场范围内使用MODIS，MODIS可以在可见光和近距离进行多光谱分析红外和POLDER仪器进行极化。这些仪器是带有二维探测器阵列的摄像机系统，可以在距卫星高度足够的地面分辨率（即最低点为0.4或0.8 km）的情况下提供120度的视野。多角度观察是通过沿二维视场的航天器速度沿轨道移动实现的。在相机的光学组件和检测器阵列之间是两个滤光轮，一个装有光谱滤光片，另一个是偏振滤光片，可以测量最佳放置的16个光谱带中入射辐射的前三个Stokes参数I.Q和V。在350-2200nm之间。 MAUVE仪器的光谱范围是350-1050 nm，SWIPE仪器的光谱范围是1050-2200 nm。定义辐射度要求是为了充分利用仪器的多角度，多光谱和多极化能力。这些特性包括宽的动态范围，所有通道在最大辐射水平下的信噪比均大于500，即，当观察反照率等于1的表面目标时，在低辐射下的噪声等效差分反射率优于0.0005。天顶太阳的信号电平。为了实现每天的全球覆盖，将把两个MAUVE和SWIPE仪器分别放在交织轨道上的两个迷你卫星中的每一个上。将调整两颗卫星的赤道穿越时间，以允许从双颗卫星的两个平行轨道同时观察重叠区域。使用双卫星而不是单颗卫星将允许在更完整的散射角范围内进行测量。 MAUVE / SWIPE卫星任务将显着提高从太空观测海洋颜色的准确性，并将将海洋光学特性的检索范围扩展到紫外线，从而使紫外线对碎屑物质和溶解的有机物变得非常敏感。它还将完整描述气溶胶颗粒的散射和吸收特性，以及它们的尺寸分布和垂直分布。在陆地上，检索到的双向反射函数将可以更好地分类陆地植被和区分表面类型。通过提供立体能力，双卫星概念将提供分析云场的三维结构和辐射特性的可能性。

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