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Residual stress development during nitriding of steels

机译：渗氮过程中残余应力的产生

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Nitriding is a well-established thermochemical surface treatment of carbon micro-alloyed steels aiming enhancing surface properties such as fatigue, wear and corrosion resistances. The idea is taking benefits from the high hardening level due to a fine nitride precipitation and also the compressive residual stress state. Due to some complex interactions of phenomena during nitriding, the last has not been completely explained yet. When interest is focused on stress depth gradient and time evolution, difficulties find origins in pronounced heterogeneities whether it is the chemical gradient due to nitrogen diffusion, the resulting gradient of microstructure or the gradient of volumetric misfits. Relaxation of residual stresses is so usually described using a thermally controlled creep phenomenon due to the couple of diffusion and stress, but depend on phenomenological descriptions. A key point is also disregard that is the diffusion of carbon and its redistribution across the nitrided surface during the treatment. Based on experimental characterizations of model carbon iron-based alloys, the role of phase transformations, especially carbides, is explored in order to give better understandings of the residual stress development during nitriding.
机译：渗氮是一种成熟的碳微合金钢热化学表面处理方法，旨在增强表面性能，例如疲劳，耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。该想法是由于细微的氮化物沉淀以及压缩残余应力状态而受益于高硬化水平。由于渗氮过程中现象之间存在一些复杂的相互作用，因此最后的作用尚未完全解释。当人们关注应力深度梯度和时间演变时，无论是由于氮扩散引起的化学梯度，最终的微观结构梯度还是体积失配梯度，都很难找到明显异质性的根源。由于扩散和应力的耦合，通常使用热控制蠕变现象来描述残余应力的松弛，但取决于现象学的描述。还忽略了一个关键点，那就是在处理过程中碳的扩散及其在氮化表面上的重新分布。基于模型碳铁基合金的实验特征，探索了相变的作用，尤其是碳化物，以便更好地了解氮化过程中残余应力的发展。

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