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Simulating Aerated Drilling

机译：模拟充气钻井

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A steady-state model is presented to study the simultaneous flow of three phase gas-liquid-solid mixtures in conduits. The liquid phase can be comprised of a mixture of Newtonian (e.g. liquid hydrocarbon, water) and non-Newtonian ( e.g. drilling mud) fluids. Gas can exist in a free state as well as dissolved in the liquid phase. The model accounts for possible injection of separate streams of gas, liquid hydrocarbon, and water into the conduit. The solid phase is assumed to be fully suspended in the multiphase flow mixture.rnComponent mass balances are written for the liquid hydrocarbon, water, non-Newtonian liquid, transported gas, injected gas, and solid. The set of balance laws is completed with a mixture momentum equation. Closure of the system of equations is effected by two drift flux equations, relations for fluid properties, mixtures, friction factor, wall shear stress, and component mass fractions. Solubility of gas is described by a black oil behaviour.rnAn iterative finite difference approximation scheme is used to solve the system of equations. The conduit is divided into segments. The set of equations is solved simultaneously over each segment, and progressively over the conduit.rnThe model is used to simulate an ubderbalanced drilling operation. The predicted bottom hole pressure compares well with that obtained fromPWD data. The results represent preliminary studies with the model and simulator and serves to identify additional work on a continuing collaborative effort to develop technology related to underbalanced drilling.
机译：提出了一个稳态模型来研究管道中三相气-液-固混合物的同时流动。液相可以由牛顿流体（例如液态烃，水）和非牛顿流体（例如钻探泥浆）的混合物组成。气体可以自由状态存在，也可以溶解在液相中。该模型考虑了可能将单独的气体，液态碳氢化合物和水流注入导管的情况。假定固相完全悬浮在多相流混合物中。写下了液态烃，水，非牛顿液体，输送的气体，注入的气体和固体的组分质量平衡。平衡定律集由混合动量方程式完成。方程组的闭合受两个漂移通量方程，流体性质，混合物，摩擦系数，壁面剪应力和组分质量分数的关系的影响。气体的溶解度通过黑油行为来描述。使用迭代的有限差分近似方案求解方程组。导管分为多个部分。该方程组在每个段上同时求解，并在管道上逐步求解。该模型用于模拟超平衡钻井作业。预测的井底压力与从PWD数据获得的井底压力比较好。结果代表了使用该模型和模拟器进行的初步研究，并有助于确定在继续合作开发与欠平衡钻井相关的技术方面的其他工作。

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