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首页> 外文会议>Rural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in China >PRE-CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL CONTRACT FARMING AND OTHER TRADE/CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN AGRIBUSINESS AND FARMERS
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PRE-CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL CONTRACT FARMING AND OTHER TRADE/CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN AGRIBUSINESS AND FARMERS

机译：农业和农户之间成功进行合同农业的前提条件和其他贸易/信贷安排

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Contract farming as a means of organising agricultural production has existed for many years. Major changes in consumption habits together with the appearance of fast-food outlets and supermarkets and the globalisation of the world trade in fresh and processed food provide today a main impetus for its rapid expansion. Moreover, interest in it continues to expand in economies that previously were governed by central planning and/or in countries where agricultural marketing has been liberalised and government commodity marketing boards have been closed down. In fact, state-administered instead of market-driven support services related with input supply, finance and marketing have mostly failed in these countries and small farmers are facing an environment that is increasingly dominated by private enterprises and international competition. This raises pressures on farm households to diversify into new agricultural commodities and ventures which exploit better their comparative advantages, while it imposes on them also a need to establish input/output linkages with agribusiness enterprises that are shaped to suit the interests of both. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has published a study1 with the purpose of providing guidance to sponsors of existing contract schemes to improve their organisation, management and operations and giving also advice to government officials who seek to promote this type of farm production. This presentation focuses on the main features and pre-conditions for successful contract farming, while it also briefly outlines other inter-linked trade/credit arrangements between agribusiness and farmers in the form commodity chains whereby vertical linkages are established between input supply, production, processing and marketing.
机译：合同农业作为组织农业生产的一种手段已经存在了很多年。消费习惯的重大变化以及快餐店和超级市场的​​出现，以及世界新鲜和加工食品贸易的全球化，为当今的快速发展提供了主要动力。此外，在以前受中央计划支配的经济中和/或在农业销售已经自由化并且政府商品销售委员会已经关闭的国家中，人们对它的兴趣继续增长。实际上，在这些国家中，由国家管理而不是与投入物供应，金融和营销有关的市场驱动的支持服务大多已经失败，而小农正面临着越来越被私营企业和国际竞争所主导的环境。这给农场主施加了压力，要求他们发展多样化的新农业商品和企业，以更好地利用它们的比较优势，与此同时，这也迫使他们需要与形状适合两者的农业综合企业建立投入/产出联系。联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）发表了一份研究报告1，目的是为现有合同计划的发起人提供指导，以改善其组织，管理和运作，并为寻求促进此类活动的政府官员提供建议农场生产。本演讲重点介绍成功承包农业的主要特征和前提条件，同时还简要概述了农业企业和农民之间以商品链形式建立的其他相互关联的贸易/信贷安排，从而在投入品供应，生产，加工之间建立了垂直联系。和营销。

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