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STRATEGY FOR HANDLING SPENT BN-350 CESIUM TRAPS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

机译:哈萨克斯坦共和国处理BN-350铯阱的策略

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A major task during decommissioning of fast reactors is draining and processing the primary sodium, which—by end of operations—is usually significantly contaminated by fission products and fuel released from failures. The most hazardous fission product is Cs-137 because of its large contribution to total activity of the primary sodium and its 30-year half-life. In fact, direct processing of sodium without removal of Cs-137 is problematic. rnCesium was removed from primary sodium in the BN-350 fast reactor in two ways: in the 1980s by means of graphite traps in special in-core assemblies, and, before draining in 2003, by means of traps connected to the primary circuit, which contained reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) of very high surface area. rnThe use of both types of very efficient trap concentrated radioactive cesium from 10 to 15 years of reactor operation in relatively small devices, and gave safe working conditions around the primary circuit. However, the traps are highly active solid waste, they are chemically active and prone to fire, and must be transferred in a secure state suitable for long-term storage. This paper describes the design and operation of BN-350 cesium traps and discusses the means being considered for their safe handling and disposal in Kazakhstan.
机译:快速反应堆退役期间的一项主要任务是排出和处理一次钠,到运行结束时,一次钠通常会被裂变产物和因故障而释放出的燃料严重污染。 Cs-137是最危险的裂变产物,因为它对初级钠的总活性及其30年半衰期有很大贡献。实际上,不去除Cs-137而直接处理钠是有问题的。在BN-350快速反应器中,铯是通过两种方式从初级钠中去除的:1980年代是通过特殊堆芯内组件中的石墨捕集器去除的,以及在2003年排放之前,通过与初级回路相连的捕集器去除了铯。包含非常高表面积的网状玻璃碳(RVC)。 rn在相对较小的设备中使用两种类型的非常高效的陷阱浓缩放射性铯,在反应堆运行10到15年后,可以在一次回路周围提供安全的工作条件。但是,捕集阱是高活性的固体废物,具有化学活性,容易着火,必须以适合长期存储的安全状态进行转移。本文介绍了BN-350铯阱的设计和操作,并讨论了在哈萨克斯坦对其进行安全处理和处置所考虑的方法。

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