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Economic analysis of safety risks in construction

机译：施工安全隐患的经济分析

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The objective of this study revolves around the analysis of the safety risks involved within a large construction project, and the respective economic effects. This analysis is fundamental for the safety management and cost reduction of accidents. The case study is the result of the safety coordination of systems, and of the harmonization between the project owner, the safety coordinator and the contractor. The result of this collaboration is and adequate strategy to prevent the risks during the construction of a large hydro-electric dam in the north of Portugal. The project is part of a governmental plan to invest in the energy obtained from hydraulic sources. The dam in the north of Portugal is located in a river and near the confluence with the river Douro. It will have a capacity of storage that will be strategic to the electricity generation in the country. It has two storage-pumped plants equipped with reversible units. The construction volume covers around 700000 m of concrete, 600000 m3 of excavation and an installed power of 170 MW. This dam presents a strategic value since it will increase the water supply reserves for domestic and industrial use. It will be the largest reserve of water in Portugal. The safety risk evaluation on this construction project was carried out using simulation tools of the different phases of construction according to the tasks of the program plan. This overall analysis of the risks related with the planned tasks provides a sequence of risks over the duration of the project. The simulation allows the analysis to identify peaks and levels of high risks that are identified. The method proposes a scale to classify risks that is compatible with probability of occurrence and gravity of the consequences. There is also a systematic evaluation of risks to each type of the construction task. These conclusions allow the scheduling of additional proposals to prevent accidents and to reduce risks. These preventive measures will contribute to reduce the high risks and consequently, lead to a flattening effect of the project global risk chart. These measures consist in on-site measures and in an integrated implementation of working safety policies. Of course these measures contribute to the risk reduction and rarely to eliminate the risks. The implementation of these prevention systems and working safety policies implies additional costs but when costs are associated to the possible accidents it is concluded that safety has lower costs than a lack of prevention.
机译：这项研究的目标围绕分析大型建筑项目中涉及的安全风险以及相应的经济影响。该分析对于安全管理和降低事故成本至关重要。案例研究是系统安全协调以及项目所有者，安全协调员和承包商之间协调一致的结果。这项合作的结果是采取了适当的策略，以防止在葡萄牙北部建造大型水电大坝时发生风险。该项目是一项政府计划的一部分，该计划投资于从水力资源获得的能源。葡萄牙北部的水坝位于一条河中，与杜罗河汇合处附近。它具有一定的存储能力，这对该国的发电至关重要。它有两个配备可逆单元的储存泵设备。建筑量约70万米，混凝土开挖600万立方米，装机容量170兆瓦。该水坝具有战略价值，因为它将增加家庭和工业用水的储备量。这将是葡萄牙最大的水储备。根据计划计划的任务，使用不同施工阶段的仿真工具对该施工项目进行了安全风险评估。对与计划任务相关的风险的整体分析提供了项目持续期间的一系列风险。通过模拟，分析可以确定已识别的高风险的峰值和水平。该方法提出了一种用于对风险进行分类的量表，该量表与发生的可能性和后果的严重性相称。还对每种类型的施工任务进行了系统的风险评估。这些结论使您可以安排其他建议，以防止发生事故并降低风险。这些预防措施将有助于降低高风险，从而导致项目全球风险图表的扁平化效果。这些措施包括现场措施和工作安全政策的综合实施。当然，这些措施有助于降低风险，很少消除风险。这些预防系统和工作安全政策的实施意味着额外的成本，但是当成本与可能发生的事故相关时，可以得出结论，安全的成本低于缺乏预防的成本。

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