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首页> 外文会议>Saint Petersburg International Conference on Integrated Navigation Systems; 20040524-26; Saint Petersburg(RU) >COMPUTATION OF GALILEO E5a/E5b SIGNAL-TO-NOISE DENSITY RATIO DEGRADATION DUE TO DME/TACAN AND JTIDS/MIDS SIGNALS THROUGH SIMULATIONS
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COMPUTATION OF GALILEO E5a/E5b SIGNAL-TO-NOISE DENSITY RATIO DEGRADATION DUE TO DME/TACAN AND JTIDS/MIDS SIGNALS THROUGH SIMULATIONS

机译：通过仿真计算DME / TACAN和JTIDS / MIDS信号对GALILEO E5a / E5b信噪比的退化

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摘要

In the coming years, additional radio navigation signals will be broadcast. For the civil aviation community, the GALILEO E5a (1176.45 MHz) and E5b (1207.14 MHz) signals are of particular interest. Indeed they will be broadcast in an ARNS band and are expected to increase accuracy, availability, integrity and continuity of service. However the interfering environment within these bands is heavy and has been presented in several papers. In particular, Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) and Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) systems operate in the 960-1215 MHz frequency band also allocated to the new GNSS signals. DME signal provides distance measurement between the aircraft and a ground station. TA CAN also provides azimuth information and is a military system. These pulsed navigation systems consist of an airborne interrogator and a ground-based transponder that emits high-power signals constituting a real threat. Moreover, The JTIDS/MIDS (Joint Tactical Information Distribution System/Multifunctional Information Distribution System) system is of concern. It corresponds to a data link network installed on many military aircrafts and associated ground sites to convey tactical data. The transmitted signal is also pulsed and the frequency of transmission of each pulse is pseudo randomly selected from a set of 51 authorized carrier frequencies, lying in the range of 969 MHz to 1206 MHz, which overlap E5a and E5b bands. The aim of this paper is to present simulation results of the impact of such interference on future GNSS receivers. These results are useful to establish, for instance, signal power link budgets. The impact is evaluated through the computation of the signal-to-noise ratio degradation at correlator output. Degradation computation is carried out using a realistic receiver simulator used to generate and process both the useful GNSS signals and interfering DME/TACAN and JTIDS/MIDS signals. Modelization of interference is also detailed. For instance, arrival times of DME/TACAN pulse pairs are assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. Results are computed for the worst locations over Europe and the US at high altitude (FL 400) that is the critical flight level regarding degradation since many DME/TACAN signals are received at this altitude. Aeronautical safety margins are also applied in these simulations. Moreover the design of the receiver front-end has a direct impact on the degradation and some of these key design parameters are identified in the paper. For instance pulse blanking is performed at the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) level instead of a possible analog implementation. This implementation is much simpler and presents negligible disadvantages. In the first part of this paper, the selected designs of the GNSS receiver simulator front-end are presented. This includes the front-end RF/IF equivalent filters (directly driven bv the currently proposed EUROCAE and RTCA interference masks), the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and the ADC that are carefully designed to work in a pulsed environment. The selected digital pulse blanking implementation is also detailed. The paper further describes the realistic single-channel E5a/E5b receiver simulator used to run simulations. Code and phase tracking loops implementation is also indicated. Then DME/TACAN and JTIDS/MIDS signals modelizalion is detailed and finally the obtained degradation results are presented.
机译：在未来几年中，将广播更多的无线电导航信号。对于民航界来说，GALILEO E5a（1176.45 MHz）和E5b（1207.14 MHz）信号尤为重要。实际上，它们将在ARNS频带中广播，并有望提高服务的准确性，可用性，完整性和连续性。然而，这些频带内的干扰环境很重，已经在几篇论文中介绍过。特别是，测距设备（DME）和战术空中导航（TACAN）系统在960-1215 MHz频段内运行，该频段也分配给了新的GNSS信号。 DME信号提供了飞机与地面站之间的距离测量。 TA CAN还可以提供方位角信息，并且是军事系统。这些脉冲导航系统由机载询问器和地面应答器组成，后者发出高功率信号，构成真正的威胁。此外，关注JTIDS / MIDS（联合战术信息发布系统/多功能信息发布系统）系统。它对应于安装在许多军用飞机和相关地面站点上的数据链路网络，以传达战术数据。还对发射的信号施加脉冲，并从一组969 MHz至1206 MHz范围内的51个授权载频中伪随机选择每个脉冲的发射频率，这些载频覆盖E5a和E5b频段。本文的目的是提供这种干扰对未来GNSS接收机影响的仿真结果。这些结果对于例如建立信号功率链路预算很有用。通过计算相关器输出端的信噪比劣化来评估影响。使用实际的接收器模拟器执行降级计算，该模拟器用于生成和处理有用的GNSS信号以及干扰DME / TACAN和JTIDS / MIDS信号。干扰的建模也很详细。例如，假定DME / TACAN脉冲对的到达时间遵循泊松分布。由于在高海拔（FL 400）上收到了许多DME / TACAN信号，因此计算出了欧洲和美国在高海拔（FL 400）上最恶劣位置的结果，这是有关降级的关键飞行水平。在这些模拟中还应用了航空安全裕度。此外，接收机前端的设计对性能下降有直接影响，本文确定了其中的一些关键设计参数。例如，脉冲消隐是在模数转换器（ADC）级别执行的，而不是可能的模拟实现。这种实现方式要简单得多，并且缺点可以忽略不计。在本文的第一部分中，介绍了GNSS接收机模拟器前端的选定设计。其中包括经过精心设计以在脉冲环境中工作的前端RF / IF等效滤波器（由当前建议的EUROCAE和RTCA干扰掩模直接驱动），自动增益控制（AGC）和ADC。所选的数字脉冲消隐实现也将详细介绍。本文进一步描述了用于运行仿真的实际单通道E5a / E5b接收器仿真器。还指示了代码和相位跟踪循环的实现。然后详细描述了DME / TACAN和JTIDS / MIDS信号建模，最后给出了获得的降级结果。

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