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首页> 外文会议>Second International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy and Industry Vol.1 >Sustainable Development of Rice and Rice Based Production System with Improved Agro-Technology under Rainfed Lowland Ecology
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Sustainable Development of Rice and Rice Based Production System with Improved Agro-Technology under Rainfed Lowland Ecology

机译：旱地低旱生态条件下水稻和稻谷生产技术的可持续发展

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Globally rainfed lowland rice cultivation constitutes 38 million hectare, nearly a quarter of the world's total rice areas (150 million hectare) producing 17% rice supply. Considering the cardinal issues and diversities of the prevailing hydrology, this ecology can be delineated into four categories; shallow lowland (stagnant water depth 0-25 cm), medium deep (water depth 0-50 cm), deepwater situation (water depth 0-100 cm), and deepwater and floating rice situation (water depth >100 cm). Growing environment becomes diverse and unpredictable mainly due to several biophysical production constraints. Consequently despite considerable resource investment, farmers could not fetch the proportionate return out of their farming due to dearth of appropriate technology pertaining to the rainfed lowland rice ecology. Since recent past, sustained efforts have been focused to generate improved agro-technology. This technology constitutes the following components. The variety can be considered the prime production factor. These varieties are very much location specific. Obviously their performance would likely to be affected with varying ecology. Aside from varietal suitability, improved package of practices like early sowing, high density seeding, dibbling etc., can ensure optimum stand establishment. In addition appropriate nutrient management like organo-inorganic N management, green manuring, use of slow N release materials etc., can ensure optimum inter-flow of nutrient into the crop to maintain a sound growth and yield too. On the contrary an appropriate weed management is worthwhile to be followed sustaining the sound growth. Feasibility of cropping system constituting both associate cropping and sequence cropping can ensure additional return. Some special agro-technology like vegetative propagation, mixed cropping, foliage pruning, etc., has been developed to surface over the intensity of adverse situations. Therefore the utilitarian value of the technology development may hold promise in improving the rice scenario in rainfed lowland ecology and subsequently sustaining its supply for food, energy and Industry.
机译：全球雨养低地稻米种植面积为3800万公顷，占世界稻米总面积（1.5亿公顷）的近四分之一，稻米供应量为17％。考虑到当前水文学的主要问题和多样性，这种生态可分为四类：浅低地（停滞水深0-25厘米），中深处（水深0-50厘米），深水情况（水深0-100厘米）以及深水和浮米情况（水深> 100厘米）。主要由于多种生物物理生产限制，生长环境变得多样化且不可预测。因此，尽管投入了大量资源，但由于缺乏与雨养低地水稻生态有关的适当技术，农民仍无法从农业中获得相应的回报。自最近的过去以来，一直致力于开发改良的农业技术。该技术包括以下组件。品种可以被认为是主要的生产要素。这些品种在很大程度上取决于位置。显然，它们的性能可能会因生态变化而受到影响。除了品种适宜性之外，改良的做法还包括确保早熟，高密度播种，成田等，从而确保最佳的林分建立。此外，适当的养分管理（例​​如有机-无机氮管理，绿色肥料，使用缓释氮的材料等）可以确保养分进入作物的最佳相互流动，从而也保持良好的生长和单产。相反，值得遵循适当的杂草处理以维持良好的生长。既构成联合作物又种植顺序作物的耕作制度的可行性可以确保额外的回报。已经开发出一些特殊的农业技术，例如无性繁殖，混作，修剪枝叶等，以应对各种不利情况。因此，技术开发的功利性价值有望改善雨养低地生态环境中的水稻状况，并随后维持其对粮食，能源和工业的供应。

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