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首页> 外文会议>Second International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy and Industry Vol.2 Sep 8-13, 2002 Beijing, China >Agroforestry and its application in amelioration of saline soils in eastern China coastal region
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Agroforestry and its application in amelioration of saline soils in eastern China coastal region

机译：农林业及其在中国东部沿海地区盐碱地改良中的应用

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摘要

Eastern China coastal region here includes Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiangrnand Fujian. Thanks to the geographyical location and climatic conditions, in this region economy isrnrelatively developed comparied with the other areas in the country. However some environmentalrnproblems, especially soil salinity hinder the regional sustainable development. Salinity mainly comesrnfrom tide weave, seawater flooding and seawater intrusion. Respectively soil salinization is due tornevaporation and watertable rising; on the other hand, over exploitation of groundwater, which is thernresult of unfitful land use systems, leading to seawater intrusion and salt concentration increase. Asrnthe multiple ecosystem, agroforestry systems can enrich soil fertility and prevent soil salinization,rnfurthermore help maintain biodiversity and enhance productivity. For the intergrated multiplernecosystems the most critical issue is to select optimum tree species and rationally arrange thesernplants.The basics of this multiple ecosystem is different plants will occupy variable ecological nichesrnwithin an area, both in space and in soil depth. Shelterbelts and trees intercropping with agriculturalrncrops are major types of the multiple ecosystem. Shelterbelts can reduce wind rate and consequentlyrnlessen evaporation and erosion of the soil, increase pasture growth by up to 60% on exposed sites,rnincrease crop yields by up to 25%. Besides intercropping with jujube, other agroforestry multiplernecosystem such as forestry plus agriculture, forestry plus agriculture plus fishery, and forestry plusrnanimal husbandry are the most appropriate ways to utilise land resource in this region.
机译：这里的华东沿海地区包括辽宁，山东，江苏，上海，浙江和福建。得益于地理位置和气候条件，该地区的经济与该国其他地区相比有了相对发展。但是，一些环境问题，特别是土壤盐分阻碍了区域可持续发展。盐度主要来自潮汐编织，海水泛滥和海水入侵。土壤盐碱化分别是由于蒸发和地下水位上升引起的；另一方面，过度开采地下水是不适当的土地利用系统的结果，导致海水入侵和盐分浓度增加。在多元化的生态系统中，农林业系统可以丰富土壤肥力并防止土壤盐碱化，此外还有助于维持生物多样性并提高生产力。对于集成的多重生态系统，最关键的问题是选择最佳的树种并合理地布置植物。这个多重生态系统的基本原理是，不同的植物将在空间和土壤深度中占据一个区域内可变的生态位。防护林和与农作物间作的树木是多种生态系统的主要类型。防护林可以降低风速，从而减少土壤的蒸发和侵蚀，在裸露的土地上使牧草生长最多增加60％，使农作物的产量最多增加25％。除了与枣套种外，其他农林复合生态系统，如林业加农业，林业加农业加渔业，林业加畜牧业也是该地区利用土地资源的最合适方法。

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