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NASA's Earth Science Missions Overview

机译：NASA的地球科学任务概述

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Earth is a complex and dynamic system we do not yet fully understand. The Earth system, like the human body, is comprised of diverse components that interact in complex ways. We need to understand the Earth's atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere as a single connected system. Our planet is changing on all spatial and temporal scales. The purpose of NASA's Earth science program is to develop a scientific understanding of Earth's system and its response to natural or human-induced changes, and to improve prediction of climate, weather, and natural hazards. NASA's role is unique and highly complements those of other U.S. Federal agencies (such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Science Foundation (NSF), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)) by continually advancing Earth system science from space, creating new remote sensing capabilities, and enhancing the operational capabilities of other agencies and collaborating with them to advance national Earth science goals. International collaborations are also a feature of many of these NASA Earth science activities. Continuous global observations of variability and change are required to reveal natural variability and the forces involved, the nature of the underlying processes and how these are coupled within the Earth system. NASA's Earth Science Division (ESD) provides these observations through its orbital and suborbital flight programs. Currently, NASA has 15 operating Earth science space missions with 6 more in development and 9 under study. In the next decade, ESD will develop and demonstrate new sensors and interacting constellations of satellites to address critical science questions and enable advances in operational capabilities in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey of Earth Science and Applications.
机译：地球是我们尚未完全了解的复杂而动态的系统。地球系统与人体一样，由以复杂方式相互作用的各种组件组成。我们需要将地球的大气，岩石圈，水圈，冰冻圈和生物圈理解为一个单一的连接系统。我们的星球在所有时空尺度上都在变化。 NASA的地球科学计划的目的是发展对地球系统及其对自然或人为变化的响应的科学理解，并改善对气候，天气和自然灾害的预测。 NASA的作用是独特的，并且通过不断地补充美国其他联邦机构（例如美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA），国家科学基金会（NSF），美国地质调查局（USGS）和环境保护署（EPA））的作用。从太空推进地球系统科学，创建新的遥感功能，增强其他机构的作战能力，并与他们合作以推进国家地球科学目标。国际合作也是许多NASA地球科学活动的特色。需要对变率和变化进行连续的全球观测，以揭示自然变率及其所涉及的力，潜在过程的性质以及它们在地球系统中的耦合方式。 NASA的地球科学部（ESD）通过其轨道和亚轨道飞行计划提供这些观测结果。目前，NASA拥有15项正在运行的地球科学太空任务，还有6项正在研发中，还有9项正在研究中。在接下来的十年中，ESD将开发和演示新的传感器以及与卫星相互作用的星座，以解决关键的科学问题，并根据国家研究委员会的《地球科学与应用年代际调查》，提高作战能力。

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