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The multi-sensor payload 'Structura' for the observation of atmospheric night glows from the ISS board

机译：多传感器有效载荷“ Structura”，用于从ISS板上观察大气中的夜间发光

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Aerospace Research Department of the Institute of Applied Physical Problems at Belarusian State University has developed a prototype of the optical payload intended for a space experiment on the ISS board. The prototype includes four optical modules for the night glows observation, in particular spatial-brightness and spectral characteristics in the altitude range of 80-320 km. Objects of the interest are emitting top layers of the atmosphere including exited OH radicals, atomic and molecular oxygen and sodium layers. The goal of the space experiment is a research of night glows over different regions of the Earth and a connection with natural disasters like earthquakes, cyclones, etc. Two optical modules for spatial distribution of atomic oxygen layers along the altitude consist of input lenses, spectral interferential filters and line CCD detectors. The optical module for registration of exited OH radical emissions is formed from CCD array spectrometer. The payload includes also a panchromatic (400-900 nm) high sensitive imaging camera for observing of the glows general picture. The optical modules of the prototype have been tested and general optical characteristics were determined in laboratory conditions. A solution of an astigmatism reducing of a concave diffraction grating and a method of the second diffraction order correction were applied and improved spectrometer's optical characteristics. Laboratory equipment and software were developed to imitate a dynamic scene of the night glows in laboratory conditions including an imitation of linear spectra and the spatial distribution of emissions.
机译：白俄罗斯国立大学应用物理问题研究所的航空航天研究部门已经开发出一种光学有效载荷的原型，用于在ISS板上进行空间实验。该原型包括四个光学模块，用于观察夜光，特别是在80-320 km的高度范围内的空间亮度和光谱特性。感兴趣的对象是发射大气的顶层，包括离开的OH自由基，原子和分子氧以及钠层。太空实验的目的是研究地球不同区域的夜光以及与自然灾害（如地震，旋风等）的联系。两个用于沿高度分布原子氧层空间分布的光学模块包括输入透镜，光谱干涉滤光片和线阵CCD检测器。由CCD阵列光谱仪形成用于记录已存在的OH自由基发射的光学模块。有效载荷还包括一个全色（400-900 nm）高灵敏度成像相机，用于观察发光的一般图像。原型的光学模块已经过测试，并在实验室条件下确定了总体光学特性。凹面衍射光栅的像散减小的解决方案和第二衍射级校正的方法被应用，并改善了光谱仪的光学特性。开发了实验室设备和软件，以模仿实验室条件下夜景的动态场景，包括模仿线性光谱和发射物的空间分布。

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