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Overview of Calibration and Validation activities for the EUMETSAT Polar System - Second Generation (EPS-SG) Visible/Infrared Imager (METimage)

机译：EUMETSAT极地系统-第二代（EPS-SG）可见/红外成像仪（METimage）的校准和验证活动概述

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摘要

The EPS-SG Visible/Infrared Imaging (VII) mission is dedicated to supporting the optical imagery user needs for Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), Nowcasting (NWC) and climate in the timeframe beyond 2020. The VII mission is fulfilled by the METimage instrument, developed by the German Space Agency (DLR) and funded by the German government and EUMETSAT. Following on from an important list of predecessors such as the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and the Moderate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS), METimage will fly in the mid-morning orbit of the Joint Polar System, whilst the early-afternoon orbits are served by the JPSS (U.S. Joint Polar Satellite System) Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIERS). METimage itself is a cross-purpose medium resolution, multi-spectral optical imager, measuring the optical spectrum of radiation emitted and reflected by the Earth from a low-altitude sun synchronous orbit over a minimum swath width of 2700 km. The top of the atmosphere outgoing radiance will be sampled every 500 m (at nadir) with measurements made in 20 spectral channels ranging from 443 run in the visible up to 13.345 urn in the thermal infrared. The three major objectives of the EPS-SG METimage calibration and validation activities are: 1. Verification of the instrument performances through continuous in-flight calibration and characterisation, including monitoring of long term stability. 2. Provision of validated level 1 and level 2 METimage products. 3. Revision of product processing facilities, i.e. algorithms and auxiliary data sets, to assure that products conform with user requirements, and then, if possible, exceed user expectations. This paper will describe the overall Calibration and Validation (Cal/Val) logic and the methods adopted to ensure that the METimage data products meet performance specifications for the lifetime of the mission. Such methods include inter-comparisons with other missions through simultaneous nadir overpasses and comparisons with ground based observations, analysis of algorithm internal diagnostics to confirm retrieval performance for geophysical products and vicarious calibration to assist with validation of the instrument on-board calibration. Any identified deficiencies in the products will lead to either an update any auxiliary data sets (e.g. calibration key data) that are used to configure the product processors or to a revision of algorithms themselves. The Cal/Val activities are mostly foreseen during commissioning but will inevitably extend to routine operations in order to take on board seasonal variations and ensure long term stability of the calibrated radiances and geophysical products. Pre-requisite to validation of products at scientific level is that the satellite and instrument itself have been verified against their respective specifications both pre-launch and during the satellite in-orbit verification phase.
机译：EPS-SG可见/红外成像（VII）任务致力于满足光学图像用户在2020年以后的时间段内对数值天气预报（NWP），临近预报（NWC）和气候的需求。VII任务由METimage仪器完成。由德国航天局（DLR）开发，由德国政府和EUMETSAT资助。继许多重要的前身产品（例如超高分辨率高分辨率辐射计（AVHRR）和中分辨率成像光谱辐射仪（MODIS））之后，METimage将在联合极地系统的上午中段飞行，而早期JPSS（美国联合极地卫星系统）可见红外成像仪辐射仪套件（VIERS）为下午轨道服务。 METimage本身是一种多用途的中分辨率多光谱光学成像仪，可测量低海拔太阳同步轨道在2700 km的最小条带宽度上从地球发射和反射的辐射的光谱。将每500 m（在最低点）对大气的最高辐射进行采样，并在20个光谱通道中进行测量，范围从可见光中的443nm到热红外中的13.345um。 EPS-SG METimage校准和验证活动的三个主要目标是：1.通过连续的飞行中校准和表征，包括对长期稳定性的监视，对仪器性能进行验证。 2.提供经过验证的1级和2级METimage产品。 3.修改产品处理设施，即算法和辅助数据集，以确保产品符合用户要求，如果可能，则超出用户期望。本文将介绍总体的校准和验证（Cal / Val）逻辑以及为确保METimage数据产品在执行任务期间符合性能规格所采用的方法。这些方法包括通过同时进行天底立交桥与其他任务进行比对，并与地面观测进行比较，对算法内部诊断进行分析以确认地球物理产品的检索性能，并进行替代校准以帮助验证仪器在机校准。产品中发现的任何缺陷都将导致更新用于配置产品处理器的任何辅助数据集（例如校准关键数据）或对算法本身进行修订。 Cal / Val的活动主要是在调试期间预见的，但不可避免地会扩展到常规操作，以适应季节性变化并确保校准后的辐射度和地球物理产品的长期稳定性。在科学水平上对产品进行验证的前提条件是，卫星和仪器本身在发射前和在轨验证阶段均已按照各自的规格进行了验证。

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