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首页> 外文会议>Sixth International Conference on Environmental Issues and Management of Waste in Energy and Mineral Production Swemp 2000, May 30-Jun 2, 2000, Calgary, Alberta >Bauxite mining and its effects
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Bauxite mining and its effects

机译：铝土矿开采及其影响

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摘要

The sustainable development challenges facing the bauxite mining industry have become a critical concern for mining companies, governments and NGOs. Considering the scale of bauxite mining activities, it is not surprising that such activities have a wide range of social, economic and environmental impacts. Bauxite is mined at more than 70 sites in 25 countries. Most of the deposits are shallow and the mining methods - open pit mining using scrapers, shovels front-end loaders, trucks, etc. - are all very similar. Differences in the thickness of the topsoil, overburden and bauxite layer lead to varying mass flows and land use. A selection of social, economic and environmental effects associated with open pit mining are presented and discussed. The paper focuses on the quantification of social issues related to employment opportunities and effects on the indigenous population. Further emphasis is placed on the classification of bauxite mining economies in terms of income structure. Finally, descriptive indicators to analyse the environmental effects in the context of land use and diversity of ecosystems are presented and put into concrete terms.
机译：铝土矿开采业面临的可持续发展挑战已成为矿业公司，政府和非政府组织的关注重点。考虑到铝土矿开采活动的规模，此类活动具有广泛的社会，经济和环境影响也就不足为奇了。铝土矿在25个国家的70多个地点开采。大多数矿床是浅层的，采矿方法（使用刮板，铲子前端装载机，卡车等的露天采矿）非常相似。表土层，覆盖层和铝土矿层厚度的差异会导致质量流量和土地利用的变化。介绍并讨论了与露天采矿相关的社会，经济和环境影响的选择。本文着重于量化与就业机会及其对土著人口的影响有关的社会问题。根据收入结构，进一步强调铝土矿开采经济体的分类。最后，提出了用于分析土地利用和生态系统多样性环境影响的描述性指标，并将其具体化。

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