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Do All Stars in the Solar Neighbourhood Form in Clusters?

机译:太阳邻里中的所有恒星都形成星团吗?

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We present a global study of low mass, young stellar object (YSO) surface densities (Σ) in nearby (<500pc) star forming regions based on a comprehensive collection of Spitzer Space Telescope surveys. We show that the distribution of YSO surface densities is a smooth distribution, being adequately described by a lognormal function from a few to 10~3 YSOs per pc~2, with a peak at ~22 stars pc~(-2). The observed lognormal Σ is consistent with predictions of hierarchically structured star-formation at scales below 10 pc, arising from the molecular cloud structures. We do not find evidence for multiple discrete modes of star-formation (e.g. clustered and distributed). Comparing the observed Σ distribution to previous Σ threshold definitions of clusters show that they are arbitrary. We find that only a low fraction (<26%) of stars are formed in dense environments where their formation/evolution (along with their circumstellar disks and/or planets) may be affected by the close proximity of their low-mass neighbours.
机译:我们将根据Spitzer空间望远镜调查的综合资料,对附近(<500pc)恒星形成区域中的低质量,年轻恒星物体(YSO)表面密度(Σ)进行全球研究。我们发现,YSO表面密度的分布是一个平滑的分布,可以通过对数正态函数从每pc〜2的10个到10〜3个YSO进行对数正态描述,峰值在〜22星pc〜(-2)。观测到的对数正态Σ与分子云结构引起的尺度结构低于10 pc的恒星形成的预测一致。我们没有找到有关恒星形成的多种离散模式的证据(例如聚类和分布)。将观察到的Σ分布与群集的先前Σ阈值定义进行比较,可以发现它们是任意的。我们发现,在稠密的环境中只有很少一部分(<26%)的恒星形成,在这种稠密的环境中,低质量邻居的靠近可能会影响它们的形成/演化(以及它们的绕星盘和/或行星)。

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