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首页> 外文会议>STP 1465; Symposium on Bearing Steel Technology-Advances and State of the Art in Bearing Steel Quality Assurance; 20050517-19; Reno,NV(US) >Evaluation Procedures of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel for Highly Reliable Bearings
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Evaluation Procedures of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel for Highly Reliable Bearings

机译：高度可靠轴承钢中非金属夹杂物的评估程序

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摘要

The improvement in rolling contact fatigue life is a key subject to increase the reliability of bearings. It has been well known that the fatigue properties are significantly affected by nonmetallic inclusions in steel. The rolling contact fatigue life may be divided into two types, according to the type of reliability requirements. One is "L10 life," which represents general bearing performance. The other is "accidental short life," where a bearing prematurely fails in its service period and its calculated life is hardly met. Since the probabilities of these failures are significantly different, the distribution densities of the corresponding life-limiting inclusions are also expected to be widely different. When nonmetallic inclusions are evaluated as an index of fatigue life, therefore, testing volume should be appropriately determined according to the concerned type of life. From this point of view, it is effective for the reliability assessment of bearing steel to combine the evaluations of large microscopic inclusions by statistics of extreme value and macroscopic inclusions in larger volume by a high-frequency ultrasonic test. It was found that the L10 life determined by thrust-type rolling-contact fatigue tests was well correlated with maximum micro-inclusion diameter predicted by the statistics of extreme value, where both oxide and sulfide played as life-limiting inclusions. Fifteen MHz ultrasonic testing was employed to evaluate the macroscopic inclusions. The combination of these two procedures was able to demonstrate the difference in reliability clearly, even when other cleanliness indices could not characterize the concerned materials.
机译：滚动接触疲劳寿命的改善是增加轴承可靠性的关键。众所周知，疲劳性能受到钢中非金属夹杂物的显着影响。根据可靠性要求的类型，滚动接触疲劳寿命可以分为两种类型。一种是“ L10寿命”，它代表一般的轴承性能。另一个是“偶然的短寿命”，即轴承在其使用期限内过早失效，并且很难满足其计算寿命。由于这些失效的概率有很大不同，因此相应的限制寿命的夹杂物的分布密度也有望有很大差异。因此，将非金属夹杂物作为疲劳寿命的指标进行评估时，应根据所关注的寿命类型适当确定测试量。从这一观点出发，通过高频超声试验将通过对极值进行统计的大型微观夹杂物的评估与对较大体积中的宏观夹杂物的评估相结合，对于轴承钢的可靠性评估是有效的。结果发现，由推力型滚动接触疲劳试验确定的L10寿命与通过极值统计预测的最大微夹杂物直径密切相关，其中氧化物和硫化物均是限制寿命的夹杂物。 15 MHz超声波测试用于评估宏观夹杂物。即使其他清洁度指标无法表征所涉及的材料，这两种方法的结合也能够清楚地证明可靠性的差异。

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