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Assessment of structural components of Iranian heritage building: Persepolis

机译：评估伊朗遗产建筑的结构组成部分：波斯波利斯

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Analysis of Iranian architecture shows that, in spite of abundance, variety, and complexity of structures, architectural principles, concepts and patterns have been used in different situations in different times. A study of these patterns shows that despite the fact that these were created in different eras of Iranian architecture, they have evolved and been refined through time and possess an identity that is independent of time. The importance of structural design in Iranian traditional architecture can be observed through an emphasis on stability of a structure. In order to harmonize structural and architectural design, an architectural plan should be created within the vicinity of structural feasibility and aligned with its own principles and concepts, and, in a nutshell, both disciplines should sympathize with each other. Convergence structure, architecture and decoration are defined based on systematic harmony and partial unity, and therefore, Iranian traditional architecture is rooted in both complying with technical principles and applying geometries and mathematical concepts. In other words, symmetry, equilibrium, and harmony in Iranian architecture are based on thorough mathematical calculations, which are turned into geometry. Creating and applying new construction methods had been commonplace in Iran since millenniums before Christendom and has continued after Islam, and has been the backbone to the development of public buildings, such as mosques, bazaars, schools, etc. Based on the testimony of researchers, the courage of architecture has gone beyond its limit in the construction of Persepolis for the first time in the history of civilization. Using slim columns in this structure, along with special structural and architectural arrangements for column headers to compensate for long spans between columns, are among the main features of this structure. In addition to that, Iranian architects have beautifully blended decoration and structure, and by using bull-shaped column headers in whose bowl beams get placed, prohibiting displacement of beams, and concurrently harmonizing between form, architectural decoration, and structural functions. By investigating and analyzing the columns of Persepolis, comparing their sizes and the accuracy in calculation of their sizes using Pi, and comparing the density of the stones that were used in the construction of the stone columns with sizes of similar concrete columns and the required reinforcement, the quality and durability of a similar concrete structure is compared with the stone-made Persepolis.
机译：对伊朗建筑的分析表明，尽管结构丰富，多样且复杂，但在不同时期，不同时期使用了建筑原理，概念和模式。对这些模式的研究表明，尽管这些模式是在伊朗建筑的不同时代创建的，但它们随着时间的流逝而不断发展和完善，并拥有与时间无关的身份。可以通过强调结构的稳定性来观察结构设计在伊朗传统建筑中的重要性。为了协调结构和建筑设计，应在结构可行性附近创建建筑计划，并与其自身的原理和概念保持一致，并且简而言之，两个学科都应相互同情。融合结构，建筑和装饰是在系统和谐和部分统一的基础上定义的，因此，伊朗的传统建筑植根于遵守技术原理以及应用几何和数学概念的基础上。换句话说，伊朗建筑中的对称性，平衡性和和谐性是基于详尽的数学计算得出的，这些计算已转化为几何。自基督教世界诞生前的千年以来，在伊朗创建和应用新的建筑方法一直很普遍，在伊斯兰教之后一直持续存在，并且一直是清真寺，集市，学校等公共建筑发展的支柱。根据研究人员的证词，建筑的勇气在波斯历史上首次超越了波斯波利斯的建筑极限。在此结构中使用细长的柱子，以及用于柱头的特殊结构和体系结构布置，以补偿柱子之间的大跨度，是此结构的主要特征之一。除此之外，伊朗建筑师还完美地融合了装饰和结构，并使用了公牛形的柱头，将其放置在碗形横梁中，从而防止了横梁的位移，同时兼顾了形式，建筑装饰和结构功能。通过调查和分析波斯波利斯的柱子，比较它们的大小和使用Pi计算其大小的准确性，并比较用类似的混凝土柱子的大小和所需的钢筋来建造石柱子的石子的密度，将类似混凝土结构的质量和耐用性与石材制成的波斯波利斯进行了比较。

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