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首页> 外文会议>Symposium on Filled and Nanocomposite Polymer Materials, Nov 27-30, 2000, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. >Role of fractal features in the structure-property relationships of carbon black filled polymers
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Role of fractal features in the structure-property relationships of carbon black filled polymers

机译：分形特征在炭黑填充聚合物的结构-性质关系中的作用

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摘要

Carbon black is widely used as a filler in order to modify the mechanical or the electrical properties of polymers. Such composites display significant non-linear effects. Moreover, examination of the large number of papers devoted to the physical properties of carbon black filled polymers indicates that each composite, even composites apparently consisting of similar matrixes and similar carbon blacks, may behave differently when prepared by different mixing methods. The present work aims to show that these particular behaviors can be related to the fact that carbon blacks used for composites arc mass fractals of low dimensionality (D_f <2) that arc able to interpenetrate each other to an extent that depends on the filler-matrix surface interaction and on the volume fraction of filler. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a convenient method for studying disordered systems at length scales ranging between a few tenths and a few hundred nm. SAXS is therefore particularly advantageous for exploring the morphology of carbon black aggregates and their degree of interpenetration when dispersed in a matrix. Furthermore, the use of an area detector yields two-dimensional images and hence information about anisotropy of the arrangement of scatterers. It is shown that this arrangement profoundly influences the physical properties of the composites. Analysis of SAXS curves obtained for a rubber grade carbon black (N330) and for composites prepared by dispersing it into polyethylene or EPR will be presented. As an example, the temperature and frequency dependence of the electrical conductivity will be discussed and compared to theoretical models. Finally, the mutual consistency of the electrical and mechanical behavior, theoretical models and information deduced from the scattering curves will be shown.
机译：炭黑被广泛用作填充剂，以改变聚合物的机械或电气性能。这种复合材料表现出明显的非线性效应。此外，对大量有关炭黑填充聚合物物理性质的论文的研究表明，每种复合物，甚至显然由相似基质和相似炭黑组成的复合物，在通过不同混合方法制备时，其行为也可能不同。本工作旨在表明这些特殊行为可能与以下事实有关：用于复合材料的炭黑是低维（D_f <2）的质量分数，该分数可以相互渗透到一定程度，这取决于填料基体表面相互作用和填料的体积分数。小角度X射线散射（SAXS）是研究十分混乱的系统的便捷方法，其长度范围在十分之几到几百纳米之间。因此，SAXS对于探索炭黑团聚体的形态及其在基质中分散时的互穿程度特别有利。此外，使用面积检测器产生二维图像，并因此产生关于散射体布置的各向异性的信息。结果表明，这种排列方式深刻影响了复合材料的物理性能。将介绍对橡胶级炭黑（N330）以及通过将其分散到聚乙烯或EPR中制备的复合材料获得的SAXS曲线的分析。例如，将讨论电导率的温度和频率依赖性，并将其与理论模型进行比较。最后，将显示电气和机械行为，理论模型和从散射曲线推导的信息的相互一致性。

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