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首页> 外文会议>Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics, Oct 2-6, 2000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil >DE-ORBITING OF THE COMPTON GAMMA RAY OBSERVATORY
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DE-ORBITING OF THE COMPTON GAMMA RAY OBSERVATORY

机译：康普顿伽玛射线观测站的离轨

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After nine years of producing excellent science, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) was successfully de-orbited into the Pacific Ocean on June 4, 2000. Even though the observatory was producing science when de-orbited, one of its three gyroscopes had failed, leaving no redundancy in the pointing control system of the spacecraft. The decision to de-orbit CGRO was made to minimize the risk to human life and property. Failure of another gyroscope would have caused the reentry to be uncontrollable. Therefore, NASA elected to de-orbit the observatory while it could still be directed to reenter in a selected area far away from any population. With human safety as the number one priority, the mission design and planning concentrated on optimizing all parameters to maximize the probability of mission success. Key aspects of the mission planning and execution consisted of the following: 1. Debris Survival Analysis 2. Debris Track Determination (assigning uncertainty margins) 3. Reentry Location Selection 4. Mission Design Parameters 5. Probabilistic Risk Assessment 6. Mission Execution 7. Hazard Warning Notifications 8. Contingency/Mishap Planning 9. Collision Avoidance (with other space-borne assets) 10. Public Affairs 11. International Considerations 12. Coordination with Other Organizations (Johnson Space Center, Jet Propulsion Lab, etc.) This paper summarizes the lessons learned during the planning and execution of the de-orbit mission and highlights important components of mission planning that must be considered carefully for future missions of this nature.
机译：经过九年的卓越科学生产，康普顿伽玛射线天文台（CGRO）于2000年6月4日成功地脱离轨道进入了太平洋。尽管该天文台在脱离轨道时正在产生科学，但其三台陀螺仪之一却发生了故障。 ，在航天器的指向控制系统中没有任何冗余。决定使CGRO脱离轨道是为了最大程度地减少对人类生命和财产的风险。另一个陀螺仪的故障会导致重入无法控制。因此，美国宇航局选择使天文台脱离轨道，而仍然可以将其送入远离任何人口的选定区域。将人的安全放在第一位，任务设计和计划集中于优化所有参数，以最大程度地提高任务成功的可能性。任务计划和执行的关键方面包括：1.碎片生存分析2.碎片轨迹确定（分配不确定性余量）3.再入地点选择4.任务设计参数5.概率风险评估6.任务执行7.危险警告通知8.应急/救助计划9.避免冲突（与其他航天资产）10.公共事务11.国际考虑12.与其他组织的协调（约翰逊航天中心，喷气推进实验室等）本文总结了以下内容：在规划和执行离轨飞行任务期间吸取的教训，突出了飞行任务规划的重要组成部分，对于这类未来的飞行任务，必须认真考虑。

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