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首页> 外文会议>Symposium on Sulfide Smelting 2002, Feb 17-21, 2002, Seattle, Washington >BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SULFIDE SMELTING AND CONVERTING WITH OXYGEN-RICH GAS
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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SULFIDE SMELTING AND CONVERTING WITH OXYGEN-RICH GAS

机译：富氧气体熔炼和转化的硫化物的基本原理

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摘要

Thermodynamics and rate process fundamentals are two of the important principles involved in nonferrous production processes. The process configuration establishes whether thermodynamics or rate process behavior is most relevant in a particular application. In this paper, thermodynamic theory and rate process fundamentals are used to analyze the main characteristics of smelting and converting processes. The effect of increased oxygen potential is examined with emphasis in view of the increased use of highly oxygen-enriched gas in modern smelting processes. Phase equilibrium and the distribution of minor elements between copper or nickel matte and FeO_x-SiO_2- or FeO_x-CaO-based slag are reviewed. The use of oxygen-rich gas has no serious effects on the recovery of valuable copper and silver in the matte phase, while the recovery of nickel and cobalt is adversely affected. The oxygen content in the gas also strongly affects the distribution behavior of arsenic, antimony and bismuth. Analysis of the rate processes occurring in the shaft of flash smelting and converting furnaces by a 3-D computational fluid-dynamics model is also discussed. After being validated with experimental data collected in a large laboratory furnace, the computer model has been used to simulate the main features of an industrial flash converting operation. The results present quantitative features of the improved mixing of the particle-gas suspension and increased oxygen efficiency obtained with a distributor-cone burner compared with those with a single axial entry burner. The role of basic principles in the engineering analysis of high-intensity matte smelting processes is also discussed.
机译：热力学和速率过程的基本原理是有色金属生产过程中涉及的两个重要原理。过程配置确定在特定应用中热力学或速率过程行为是否最相关。本文采用热力学理论和速率过程的基本原理来分析熔炼和转化过程的主要特征。考虑到现代冶炼过程中越来越多地使用高度富氧的气体，着重研究了提高氧势的效果。综述了铜或镍雾面与FeO_x-SiO_2-或FeO_x-CaO基炉渣之间的相平衡和微量元素的分布。富氧气体的使用对哑相中有价值的铜和银的回收没有严重影响，而镍和钴的回收受到不利影响。气体中的氧气含量也强烈影响砷，锑和铋的分布行为。还讨论了通过3-D计算流体动力学模型分析闪速熔炼和转换炉竖井中发生的速率过程。经过在大型实验室熔炉中收集的实验数据验证后，该计算机模型已用于模拟工业闪蒸转化操作的主要特征。结果表明，与单轴向进气燃烧器相比，分配器锥形燃烧器可改善颗粒气体悬浮液的混合，并提高氧气效率。还讨论了基本原理在高强度磨砂冶炼过程的工程分析中的作用。

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