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首页> 外文会议>Symposium on Water Resources Systems - Hydrological Risk, Management and Development; Jun 30-Jul 11, 2003; Sapporo, Japan >Proposed soil and water conservation strategies for Lake Rawa Dano, West Java, Indonesia
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Proposed soil and water conservation strategies for Lake Rawa Dano, West Java, Indonesia

机译：印度尼西亚西爪哇拉瓦达诺湖拟议的水土保持战略

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摘要

Lake Rawa Dano lies within a volcanic caldera in a reserve area of West Java. Locally, Rawa Dano means "swampy lake", reflecting that the lake is mostly covered by the swamp forest and water plantations. The lake acts as a water supply for the Krakatao Industrial Estate as well as for the city of Cilegon. There is significant soil erosion in the lake catchment with sediment production averaging 3.32 t ha~(-1) year~(-1). In addition, lake siltation and water plant blooming has caused a decline of lake water quality. Soil and water conservation strategies are needed urgently to mitigate the sediment and nutrient inputs to the lake. The first step is to adopt a civil engineering approach by constructing control dams, check dams, and gully plug/drops, especially for slopes of >30% where there is a high erosion risk. Subsequently, systems of minimum tillage farming, agroforestry, or farm forestry need to be established. The establishment of a water authority is important to aid reversion to a more natural hydrological status by controlling forest encroachment, encouraging soil and water conservation practice, and regulating community development. The water authority could gain income from local water beneficiaries then reinvest in further soil and water conservation practices.
机译：Rawa Dano湖位于西爪哇保护区的火山口中。在当地，拉瓦达诺（Rawa Dano）的意思是“沼泽湖”，反映出该湖大部分被沼泽森林和水生植物覆盖。该湖为Krakatao工业区和Cilegon市提供水源。湖泊流域水土流失严重，沉积物平均年产量为3.32 t ha〜（-1）年〜（-1）。此外，湖泊淤积和水生植物开花导致湖泊水质下降。迫切需要水土保持战略，以减少沉积物和养分向湖泊的输入。第一步是采用土木工程方法，建造控制水坝，检查水坝和沟塞/滴水，特别是对于坡度大于30％且存在高侵蚀风险的坡度。随后，需要建立最小耕作，农林业或农林业的系统。建立水务部门对于通过控制森林入侵，鼓励水土保持和规范社区发展来帮助恢复更自然的水文状况至关重要。水务部门可以从当地的水受益者那里获得收入，然后再投资于进一步的水土保持措施。

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