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首页> 外文会议>TAPPI(Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry) Engineering, Pulping amp; Environmental Conference; 20061105-08; Atlanta,GA(US) >A Detailed Study of the Zone of Initial Dilution to Evaluate Temperature Exposure and Fish Entrainment-Fort James Operating Company's Wauna Mill Outfall
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A Detailed Study of the Zone of Initial Dilution to Evaluate Temperature Exposure and Fish Entrainment-Fort James Operating Company's Wauna Mill Outfall

机译：初步稀释区域的详细研究，以评估温度暴露和鱼的夹带-詹姆斯堡运营公司的Wauna工厂排污口

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The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality expressed a concern about the potential exposure of migrating salmon to elevated temperatures and entrainment within the near-field zone of initial dilution at Fort James Operating Company's Wauna Mill outfall in the Columbia River. Because of the unconventional diffuser arrangement used in the Wauna Mill outfall and the difficulty of obtaining dye dilution measurements in the near field, this could not be evaluated using conventional techniques alone. A detailed mixing zone study focused on the near-field region was requested by Fort James Operating Company. Therefore, in addition to plume dilution modeling, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate at high resolution the velocity and temperature distribution within the zone of initial dilution (ZID). The CFD and plume models were based on the latest diffuser, receiving water, and effluent conditions. The plume model was calibrated to available dye dilution data. The CFD model was calibrated using velocity data measured in the field. The ability of the CFD model to provide mixing and dilution was validated using popular plume models such as CORMIX and Visual Plumes-UM3. The results showed that the outfall diffuser provides a chronic dilution of 1:100 based on a 96-hour exposure average at the regulatory mixing zone. The use of a CFD technique allowed entrainment and temperature exposure to be assessed within the highly turbulent ZID. The CFD model results showed no potential entrainment of migrating fish. Also, potential exposure of fish to elevated temperatures ( > 32℃) was shown to be considerably less than the 2 seconds criteria, which is in compliance with the Oreeon State water qualitv standards.
机译：俄勒冈州环境质量部门对迁移的鲑鱼在哥伦比亚河的詹姆斯堡堡运营公司的沃纳磨房排污口初次稀释的近场区域内可能受到的高温暴露和夹带表示担忧。由于在Wauna Mill排污口中使用了非常规的扩散器布置，并且难以在近场中获得染料稀释度测量值，因此无法仅使用常规技术进行评估。 Fort James Operating Company要求对近场区域进行详细的混合区域研究。因此，除了羽流稀释模型外，还开发了三维计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，以高分辨率模拟初始稀释（ZID）区域内的速度和温度分布。 CFD和羽流模型基于最新的扩散器，接收水和出水条件。羽流模型已根据可用的染料稀释数据进行了校准。使用现场测得的速度数据对CFD模型进行了校准。使用流行的羽状模型（例如CORMIX和Visual Plumes-UM3）验证了CFD模型提供混合和稀释的能力。结果表明，排污口扩散器提供了1：100的长期稀释度，基于在监管混合区的96小时平均暴露量。 CFD技术的使用允许在高度湍流的ZID中评估夹带和温度暴露。 CFD模型结果表明，没有潜在的夹带鱼类。另外，鱼在高温（> 32℃）下的潜在暴露也远低于2秒标准，这符合Oreeon State水质标准。

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