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Ice Effects on Riprap: Model Tests

机译:冰对Riprap的影响:模型测试

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摘要

We conducted 50 model tests to simulate the ice action on a riprap-protected bank and to determine the riprap damage caused during the interaction. We conducted tests with the model riprap banks in different orientations relative to the direction of ice motion, at three different slopes, with two mixes of riprap stones, and with model ice sheets of different slopes, with two mixes of riprap stones, and with model ice sheets of different thicknesses. Because we used two model riprap banks with different stone sizes in our experimental setup, we obtained data for two ratios of ice thickness to median stone size from each test. We present the data on riprap damage in tabular and graphical forms. We give plots of cumulative probability and a damage parameter for riprap failure with respect to the ratio of ice thickness to median stone size. Our results indicate that riprap failure takes place when ice thickness is equal to, or thicker than, the median stone size. Accepting some (15percent) probability of riprap failure, we find that the median stone size needs to be 2-3 times the ice thickness to protect a bank from an ice action.
机译:我们进行了50个模型测试,以模拟在受防拆保护的河岸上的冰作用,并确定相互作用期间对防拆造成的损坏。我们使用相对于冰运动方向不同方向的riprap模型库进行了测试,在三个不同的坡度上,使用了两种riprap结石混合物,并使用了不同坡度的模型冰盖,使用了两种riprap结石混合物,并使用了模型不同厚度的冰盖。由于我们在实验设置中使用了两个石头大小不同的riprap模型库,因此我们从每个测试中获得了冰厚度与石头中间大小的两个比率的数据。我们以表格和图形形式提供有关riprap损坏的数据。我们给出了相对于冰厚度与中值石头尺寸之比的累积概率和riprap破坏参数的图。我们的结果表明,当冰层厚度等于或大于石块中值时,会发生抛石破坏。接受一些(15%)翻录失败的可能性,我们发现石头的中值大小需要为冰厚度的2-3倍,以保护堤岸免受冰冻作用。

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