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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 2018 annual meeting >Does Perceived Harm Underlie Effects of Vehicle Size on Overtaking Judgments during Driving?
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Does Perceived Harm Underlie Effects of Vehicle Size on Overtaking Judgments during Driving?

机译：感知伤害是否构成车辆尺寸对驾驶过程中超车判断的影响？

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Previous research found that participants accepted more gaps during overtaking (in a driving simulator)when the oncoming vehicle was a motorcycle compared with larger vehicles (Levulis, DeLucia & Jupe,2015). Results were due to the size of the vehicle independently of the type of the vehicle, and representedshifts in response bias instead of sensitivity. The implication is that drivers may perceive motorcycles asbeing farther away or travelling more slowly than larger vehicles due to their relatively small sizes,contributing to crashes that result from right-of-way violations (Hurt, Ouellet, & Thom, 1981; Pai, 2011).However, in Levulis et al. (2015) vehicle size was correlated with the perceived threat of collision andassociated harm posed by the oncoming vehicle (collision with larger vehicles is more harmful than withsmaller vehicles). To eliminate this confound, a driving simulator was used to examine whether overtakingjudgments are influenced by the size of an oncoming vehicle even when threat of (simulated) collision isremoved. The size-arrival effect occurred nevertheless, suggesting that participants relied on perceiveddistance and speed rather than perceived harm. Countermeasures to misjudgments of gaps duringovertaking should include driver-assistance technologies and driver education.
机译：先前的研究发现，与大型车辆相比，当迎面驶来的车辆是摩托车时，参与者在超车过程中（在驾驶模拟器中）接受了更多的差距（Levulis，DeLucia和Jupe，\ r \ n2015）。结果归因于车辆的大小，与车辆的类型无关，并且代表响应偏差而不是灵敏度的变化。含义是，由于尺寸相对较小，因此驾驶员可能会觉得摩托车比大型车辆行驶得更远或更慢，从而导致了因行车权受到侵犯而导致的撞车事故（伤害，厄勒， Thom，1981年； Pai，2011年）。\ r \ n然而，在Levulis等人中。 （2015年），车辆尺寸与迎面而来的车辆所带来的碰撞威胁和\ r \ n与伤害相关联（与较大车辆的碰撞比与较小车辆的碰撞更具危害性）。为了消除这种混淆，驾驶模拟器用于检查超车是否会受到迎面而来的车辆尺寸的影响，即使消除了（模拟）碰撞的威胁也是如此。尽管如此，还是出现了尺寸到达效应，这表明参与者依赖于感知的\坚持\速度，而不是感知的伤害。在超车过程中错误判断差距的对策应包括驾驶员辅助技术和驾驶员教育。

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