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Crystal Growth and Epitaxy from Solutions I. Fundamentals of Growth from Solutions

机译:溶液的晶体生长和外延I.溶液的生长基础

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Crystal growth from aqueous solutions, organic solutions, and high-temperature solutions is widely used for preparation of samples for research, also to prepare new phases for exploratory research. Furthermore, there are a few crystals which are grown to a large size on a technological scale.rnIn this lecture an attempt is made to present a few fundamental aspects of crystal growth from solutions which are of relevance for the practical crystal grower. Firstly the concepts of solutions are presented in order to find suitable solvents of sufficient solubility and minimum contamination of the crystals. Then we have to understand nucleation and growth mechanisms in order to control the formation of nuclei so that large crystals may be obtained, and to adjust the growth mode and surface morphology for achieving homogeneous crystals of high structural perfection. Lastly growth from solutions is often limited by diffusion : the understanding of the role of hydrodynamics allows us to derive experimental conditions for the maximum stable growth rate, i.e. to grow large inclusion-free crystals at the highest possible growth rate.
机译:由水溶液,有机溶液和高温溶液产生的晶体被广泛用于制备研究样品,也为探索性研究准备新阶段。此外,有一些晶体在技术规模上可以大尺寸生长。在本讲座中,我们尝试从与实际晶体生长者相关的解决方案中介绍晶体生长的一些基本方面。首先,提出溶液的概念,以便找到具有足够溶解度和最小的晶体污染的合适溶剂。然后,我们必须了解成核和生长机理,以便控制核的形成,以便获得大晶体,并调整生长模式和表面形态,以实现具有高结构完美度的均质晶体。最后,溶液的生长通常受到扩散的限制:对流体力学作用的理解使我们能够获得最大稳定生长速率的实验条件,即以最大可能的生长速率生长大的无夹杂晶体。

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